International Journal of Marine Science 2015, Vol.5, No.20, 1-16
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1.3 Data analysis
The data were analyzed by using descriptive analysis
and qualitative contents analysis. Descriptive analysis
was used to describe the profile structure of the
fishermen and other industry players and their
adaptation strategies to changing fisheries’ activities.
Content analyses were used to study possible policy
amendments for Bali Strait fishery management,
where the policy has several times been amended by
the leaders of Bali Province and East Java Province.
2 Results
2.1 Current status of the resources in the Bali
Strait
Fishing activity for
S. lemuru
in the Bali Strait has
developed rapidly after purse seine fishing technology
was introduced in 1974 to the fishermen in the Bali
Strait particularly to the fishermen of Banyuwangi
(Java side) and Pengambengan (Bali side) (Mertha et
al. 2000).
S. lemuru
is the dominant species caught in
Pengambengan, while other species were also caught
including the fringed scale or fimbriated sardine
(
Sardinella fimbriata
), scads, Indo-Pacific mackerel,
pony slipmouth fishes, eastern little buds, hair tails,
and little buds (Table 2).
The
S. lemuru
production in the Bali Strait is divided
into three areas: the Badung district (Bali), Jembrana
district (Bali) and Muncar district (East Java). During
1999-2004, the Jembrana and Muncar districts were
the biggest producers of
S. lemuru
with an average
production of 49% (13,576.91 tons) and 47%
(13,099.65 tons), respectively, of the total catch in
Indonesia. However,
S. lemuru
production in the Bali
Strait fluctuates annually, particularly in the Jembrana
District (Figure 2).
Table 2 Some species of fish caught in the Bali Strait
NO
Local Name
Common Name
Selling Name
Scientific names
1
Teri
Lemuru
Indian oil sardinella
Clupea longiceps (C.V) Sardinella longiceps
Sardinella lemuru
2
Teri tanjan
Tembang
Fringe scale sardinella
Fimbriated sardine
Sardinella fimbriata (Val.) Spratella fimbriata
Clupea perforate
3
Layang
Scads
Decapterus russelli (Rupp) Decapterus
macrosoma
4
Medahi, lemaren,
kembung
Kembung
Indo Pacific mackerel
Rastrelliger neglectus
5
Petek, Perek, polipo
Petek
Pony fishes Slip mouths
Leiognathus insidiator (Bloch) Ctenops
vittatus (C.V)
6
Tongkol
Tongkol
Eastern little tunas
Euthynnus pelamis (L) Euthynnus affinis
(Cantor)
7
Layur
Layur
Hair tails
Trichiurus savala (Cuv) Trichiurus haumela
(Forsk) Trichiurus muticus (C.V)
8
Selar
Selar
Travallies
Selar spp Sefaroides spp
9
Slengseng
Slengseng
Little tunas
Euthynnus spp.
10
Golok-golok
Golok-golok
Wolf herring
Chirocentrus dorab (Forsk)
Note: Source: MMAF, 2004
Fishing activity in the Bali Strait is a multi-species
and multi-gear activity. For instance,
S. lemuru
are
caught using multi-fishing gear; therefore, one gear
can catch more than one type of fish. Some fishing
gears used in the Bali Strait include the purse seine,
payang
, beach seine, gill net and
bagan
. According to
Mertha (2000),
S. lemuru
catch can conveniently be
divided into 3 groups according to their size: total
length (TL) <5 cm (
sempenit
), TL 5-12 cm (
protolan
)
and TL>12 cm (
kucing
).
Open-access and common property are characteristics
of the ocean that require special measures for
regulated access (Costanza, 1999). The fishing ground
in the Bali Strait is divided between the East Java (on
the western fringes) and Bali region (on the eastern
portion). The Java region includes Banyuwangi, which
starts from the ferry port south of Banyuwangi with
Muncar as the fish landing base. This region includes
the village of Senggrong, Klosot, and Karangente. The
Bali region includes the southern section of the Bali
marine water area until Jembrana with a fish landing
port based at Pengambengan. This region includes
Pengambengan, Seseh, Tabanan, Jimbaran and
Uluwatu. Some of the names of the areas were given by
the fishermen and have been in use for generations
based on the names of the nearest landmarks such as
headlands, bays or other markers (Figure 3).
