International Journal of Marine Science 2015, Vol.5, No.20, 1-16
3
Table 1 The population, density and family units in the coastal village of the Negara sub district, 2010
Village
Area (km
2
)
Population
Total of households
Density per km
2
Average per household
Cupel
6.40
3,692
1,020
393
4
Tegal Badeng Barat
4.02
4,574
1,225
254
4
Tegal Badeng Timur
6.01
3,577
986
347
4
Pengambengan
10.30
10,251
3,208
995
3
Loloan Barat
1.47
3,684
1,080
94
3
Lelateng
6.29
8,416
2,792
1,315
3
Banjar Tengah
4.98
4,073
1,070
386
4
Baluk
10.55
5,989
1,712
997
3
Banyu Biru
9.39
7,304
2,135
4,969
3
Kaliakah
17.99
7,564
2,050
1,203
4
Berangbang
39.13
6,192
1,774
1,540
3
Baler Bale Agung
9.97
10,263
2,707
1,029
4
Note: Source: BPS Jembrana District, 2010
This village was chosen because it is directly affected
and among the hardest hit by the changing fishery
industry in the Bali Strait. Moreover, Muncar and
Pengembengan are major landing sites for fishermen
using purse seine with
S. lemuru
as their main catch.
The Jembrana district consists of 5 sub-districts:
Melaya sub-district (197.19 km
2
), Negara sub-district
(126.50 km
2
), Jembrana sub-district (93.97 km
2
),
Mendoyo sub-district (294.49 km
2
) and Pekutatan
sub-district (129.65 km
2
). The total area is 841.80 km
2
with a population density of 310.81/km
2
. The Negara
sub-district is the most densely populated at 615/km
2
.
The number of family units is 72.710 with an average
of 3 to 4 people per family unit. During 2000-2010, the
annual rate of population growth in Jembrana was 1.22%.
The district is located between 8
09'30"- 8
28'02" S and
114
25'53"- 114
56'38" E. Buleleng is on the north, the
Indonesian Ocean is on the south, the Bali Strait is on the
west and the Tabanan Regency is on the east (BPS
Jembrana District, 2010a). The Jembrana district has
jurisdiction over approximately 604.24 km
2
of marine
area and is responsible for the implementation of fishery
and marine conservation laws there.
Pengambengan is the major site for
S. lemuru
fishery
in the Jembrana district and has the densest population
of fishermen that divided into three types namely; a)
Full time fishermen, b) part time major fishermen and
c) part time minor fishermen (Figure 8). Therefore, the
interview survey focused in this village. Fishing
activity in Pengambengan fishing port was dominated
by purse seine gear (PS) followed by others
collectively termed non-purse seine gear (NPS) for the
purpose of this study. The boats landing at
Pengambengan fishing port consists of powered-boat
(PB) and non-powered-boat (NPB) (Figure 4).
1.2 Data collection
Data were collected using a socio-economic survey
method during 2012. Interviews with the fishermen
were performed using structured and semi-structured
questionnaires. This study is focused on the purse
seine fishery as it dominated more than 50% of the
fishery activity in Bali Strait. The other consideration
being the purse seine fishery is the most significantly
affected by the decline of fish resources in the area.
The respondents were identified from among the
crews of purse seine vessels, boat owners, processing
company, captain or fishing master and fish traders.
This study involved 30 respondents: thirteen purse
seine boat crews, two captains, two engineers, four
haul porters, three fishing masters, three merchants
and three boat owners. Interviews were also conducted
with the staffs of three selected processing companies
in Pengambengan village. The questions and issues
addressed were related to the following main topics: the
costs of purse seine fishery, the responses of fishermen,
purse seine boat’s owners, traders and processors
regarding the “crisis” condition; and the role of women
or fishermen’s wives during the “crisis”.
Secondary data were also collected in this study,
including statistical data and the results of previous
studies, which provided preliminary information.
Statistical data below 2010 were obtained from fish
production figures in the Pengambengan Nusantara
Fishery Port (PNFP).
