International Journal of Marine Science, 2017, Vol.7, No.24, 229-246
229
Research Article Open Access
Studies on
Amyloodinium
Infestation in European Seabass (
Dicentrarchus labrax.
)
Fishes with Special Reference for Treatment
Samar Saad Seoud
1
, Viola H. Zaki
1
, Gamal E. Ahmed
2
, Nevien K. Abd El-Khalek
1
1 Department of Internal Medicine, Infectious and Fish Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
2 Vice Dean for Education and Studient Affairs, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
Corresponding author email
International Journal of Marine Science, 2017, Vol.7, No.24 doi
Received: 19 May, 2017
Accepted: 14 Jun., 2017
Published: 20 Jun., 2017
Copyright © 2017
Seoud et al., This is an open access article published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits
unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Preferred citation for this article
:
Seoud S.S., Zaki V.H., Ahmed G.E., and El-Khalek N.K.A., 2017, Studies on
Amyloodinium
infestation in European seabass (
Dicentrarchus labrax
.) fishes with
special reference for treatment, International Journal of Marine Science, 7(24): 229-246 (doi
Abstract
Amyloodinium ocellatum,
adinoflagellate which causes one of the most serious diseases of warm water marine
aquaculture. The parasite produces a powdery or velvety appearance on infected fish, and the resulting disease is commonly referred
to as “marine velvet,” velvet disease, or
Amyloodiniosis
. The organism is a dinoflagellate ectoparasite and has been reported in a
wide range of marine and estuarine fish. It is one of a very few organisms that can infect both teleosts and elasmobranchs
(Alvarez-Pellitero, 2008)
.
This makes it a concern for public aquaria. This ectoparasite can be found on gills and skin (body and fins)
of host fish. It can cause devastating disease and mortality because the organism is able to reproduce quickly when fish are crowded,
especially in closed systems. This parasite has a broad host and geographic range, causing fish mortalities in tropical and temperate
environments. Rapid spread of the parasite and high mortality are common in cultured fish if the organism is not recognized and
treated early in the course of an outbreak. One of the most important of the ectoparasitic protozoaisIn this respect, the present study
was aimed to investigate the occurrence of
Amyloodiniosis
among cultured European seabass
(
Dicentrarchus labrax L.; Moronidae;
Perciformes
)
fishes. This work was carried out on 1065 European seabass fishes of diffrerent life stages (546 fry-222 fingerling and
78 adults) which were collected in different seasons of the year. Cultured fish were collected from different marine farms in Egypt
during the period from April 2015 to April 2016 and subjected to full clinical parasitological and histopathological examination
studying the environmental stressors surrounding examined fish and their association with
A.ocellatum i
nfestation Study the
ecological factors affects
Amyloodiniosis.
As well as examining the antiseptic activity of hydrogen peroxide against the ectoparasitic
protozoan
A.ocellatum
as a trial for treatment.
Keywords
Amyloodinium ocellatum
; European seabass fishes; Infestation; Treatment;
Dicentrarchus labrax L
.; Egypt
Introduction
Amyloodinium ocellatum
(an ectoparasitic dinoflagellate) is one of the most important pathogenic parasites
affecting the culture of marine and brackish water fish The parasite produces a powdery or velvety appearance on
infected fish, and the resulting disease is commonly referred to as “marine velvet”, velvet disease, or
amyloodiniosis
(Noga and Levy, 2006).
Amyloodinium ocellatum
is an extremely prolific and devastating ectoparasitic dinoflagellate of fish both and
brackish marine water environments. The organism is a dinoflagellate ectoparasite and has been reported in a wide
range of teleosts and elasmobranchs (Alvarez-Pellitero, 2008).
European Seabass
(
Dicentrarchus labrax L.
;
Moronidae
;
Perciformes
)
is a marine fish of great economic
importance particularly in Mediterranean aquaculture (Zorrilla et al., 2003a). European seabass represents a major
fisheries and aquaculture species in the Mediterranean, the European Atlantic coasts and North Africa (Kuhl et al.,
2010).
High mortality and morbidity
was
recorded among differential stages of cultured European seabass
(
Dicentrarchus labrax
) caused by
Amyloodinium ocellatum
.
Thus, the research work carried out in this thesis depending on three main branches:
A-Provide diagnostic procedures of
Amyloodiniosis
applicable under field conditions.
