International Journal of Aquaculture, 2015, Vol.5, No.23, 1
-
12
1
Research Article Open Access
Assessment of genetic variation and productive markers through four progenies
of the first introduced stock of cultured shrimp
Penaeus
(
Litopenaeus
)
vannamei
in Cuba
Artiles A.
1
, Cobo R.
1
, Benítez L.
2
, Pérez L.
1
, Espinosa G.
3
1. Fisheries Research Centre. Molecular Biology Laboratory and Aquaculture Division. 5th avenue and 246. Barlovento. Santa Fe. Playa. PC. 19100. Havana, Cuba
2. Apiculture Research Centre. Molecular Genetics Laboratory. El Cano. La Lisa. Havana, Cuba.
3. Biology Faculty. 25 street # 455 between J and I. Vedado. Plaza. Havana, Cuba
Artiles A.
, Cobo R.
, Benítez L.
, Pérez L.
,
Espinosa G. (Corresponding author
International Journal of Aquaculture, 2015, Vol.5, No.23 doi
Received: 29 Apr., 2015
Accepted: 11 Jun., 2015
Published: 03 Aug., 2015
Copyright © 2015
Artiles et al., This is an open access article published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted
use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Preferred citation for this article
:
Artiles A., Cobo R., Benítez L., Pérez L. and Espinosa G., 2015, Assessment of genetic variation and productive markers through four progenies of the first
introduced stock of cultured shrimp
Penaeus
(
Litopenaeus
)
vannamei
in Cuba, International Journal of Aquaculture, 5(23): 1-12
Abstract
The Pacific White shrimp,
Penaeus vannamei
is the only invertebrate cultured species in Cuba nowadays. Specific
Pathogen Free (SPF) lines are imported from Shrimp Improvement System (SIS) in USA and genetic characterization is achieved
once animals arrive. Monitoring crossings and progenies along the production process is also accomplished. The objective of this
work was to seek both production and genetic tendencies in four progenies of the first introduced stock. Productive recorded data
including yield, survival and final weight were computed. Four microsatellite regions were explored to characterize the four
populations in culture. Both survival and yield of the first, second and tenth offspring generations were significantly different from
the ninth one. This last stock offered the lowest values of the whole analyzed productive process. On the other hand, the final weight
did not show significant differences among the four studied progenies. Genetic parameters remained similar for the second, ninth and
tenth but significantly differed from the very first introduced stock. Relatedness coefficients suggest not related individuals and there
is no evidence of a bottleneck effect for any of the progenies or the founder stock. In summary, it seems that inbreeding and genetic
diversity is still not causing damages in animals that could influence the productive process.
Keywords
Penaeus vannamei
; culture, yield; relatedness; microsatellites; bottleneck
Background
The shrimp cultivation is the branch of the aquaculture
that advances the shrimps ‘growth in captivity’.
Nowadays this culture represents an opportunity for
exportation, and an option of development for the
revitalization of the fishing activity depressed by the
over exploitation of the marine resources. According
to FAO, 2010, the shrimps continue being in value
terms, the main commercialized fishing product and
this important industry had overcome an accelerated
growth in the last decade of about 10 % annual in the
last five years. Around 3.5 million of metric tons (MT)
are currently harvest worldwide. Approximately 85 %
of this total is produced in China and South East Asia,
mainly in Thailand and Vietnam. Another 10% is
produced in India and Bangladesh and the remaining
5 % in the Occidental Hemisphere (Newman, 2010).
For many years, the giant tiger shrimp,
Penaeus
monodon
, was the main cultured species in the Oriental
Hemisphere. At the beginning of the twentieth century,
the industry reformed its production system to the
Pacific White Shrimp,
Penaeus (Litopenaeus) vannamei
(Boone, 1931), and thus, this species was intentionally
introduced in several Asiatic countries. Nowadays,
almost the 65 % of the worldwide production belongs
to this species and it is expected that this tendency
would be maintained over years (Newman, 2010). A
report from 2009 indicated that in Latin America and
the Caribbean, the culture of the white shrimp
represented the 24.3 % of the total cultivated aquatic
species in the world (Mendoza-Ramirez, 2011). According
to this same author, the main producer countries are
Ecuador (194.628 MT), followed by Mexico (136.470
MT), Brazil (66.120 MT), Nicaragua (20.131 MT),
Colombia (18.639 MT) and Venezuela (16.763 MT).
In Cuba this species was introduced for the first time
at the end of the year 2003, as an alternative to make
