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The Atlas of Caspian Sea Hydromorphology
marshes which were swamps before and during the Novocaspian they
were separated from the sea. Some of important properties of north
Caspian seabed are very gentle slope, and low land coastal plain with
lots of islands, and terraces of old riverbeds.
The Climatological features of Caspian Sea
The climatology parameters of air above the Caspian Sea water area
and its coasts are mostly affected by global processes, local atmospheric
cycles, and the surrounding nature such as Caucasus, Alborz, and
Kopet Dag mountains; the central Asia deserts; etc. The invasion of
air masses formed above the Arctic Ocean, North Atlantic Ocean,
Mediterranean Sea, and western Siberia Sea, bearing suitable
moisture and precipitation to the Caspian Sea region in various
seasons, results in a certain weather condition in the Caspian Sea
region. Affected by the above mentioned air masses, the temperature
and cloud regimes, air humidity, wind direction and speed, marine
waves and currents and other budget factors, temperature and
transparency of the Caspian Sea are formed.
The Caspian Sea influences the atmospheric processes and the
climate of the dry area of its surrounding coasts. Some of the
pyrogenic factors, mostly in northern and southern parts of Caspian
Sea and in the Absheron peninsula region, influence the annual
budget of the Caspian Sea water resources. In the middle part of
Caspian Sea, the pyrogenic effects in winter are the same as cryogen
