Triticeae Genomics and Genetics 2016, Vol.7, No.02, 1
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salinity increase in the soil up to 50 mM NaCl, then it
increased smoothly at 150 mMNaCl, then some
reduction was exhibited which seemed to be more or
less constant at the levels 300 mM NaCl, this
reduction was about 27% below the control value. In
leaves the soluble carbohydrates enhanced markedly
and irregularly by the salinity stress, the highest
increase was recorded in plants exposed to 150 mM,
and the lowest increase was recorded in plants
irrigated with the lowest concentrations of NaCl. In
spikes
the
soluble
carbohydrates
activated
progressively and irregularly by the salinity stress.
The highest accumulation was found to be at 50mM,
and the lowest were at the lowest concentrations of
NaCl. In roots of cv. Gimiza 10 the soluble
carbohydrates decreased by salinity stress,
interestingly, this reduction seemed to be more or less
constant at the levels from 150 mM to 300 mM NaCl,
this reduction was about 30% in relation to control
(table 2).
Table 2 Effect of various concentrations of NaCl on carbohydrate content (soluble fraction) as mg/gm dry weight in roots, stems,
leaves and spikes of wheat cultivar cv. Sakha 94 , cv. Gimiza11, cv. Gimiza10 and cv. Giza 168.
cv. Sakha 94
NaCl Treat.
Root
%
Stem
%
leaf
%
Spike
%
Cont
72.6a
100
84.9
100
40.6
100
20.4
100
20 mM
68.6
94.4
84
98.9
33.6
82.7
21.4
104.9
50 mM
63.0
86.7
63.0
74.2
46.4
114.2
21.2
103.9
150 mM
69.0
95.0
73.7
86.7
49.3
121.3
19.4
95.0
300 mM
62.9
86.5
100.9
118.9
46
113.3
25.6
125.4
L. S. D. 5%
0.64
0.24
0.22
0.22
cv. Gimiza 11
Cont
79.8a
100
89.4a
100
92.7a
100
40.2a
100
20 mM
85.8
107.5
90.6
101..3
93.9
101.2
40.9
101.8
50 mM
75.2
94..1
153.2
171.3
107.4
115.8
54.9
136.5
150 mM
100.2
125.5
105.6
118.1
109.2
117.7
45.2
112.4
300 mM
67.5
84.5
67.8
75.8
98.7
106.4
52.9
131.7
L. S. D. 5%
0.12
0.16
0.72
0.37
cv. Gimiza 10
Cont
68.9a
100
60.5
100
77.6
100
68.8
100
20 mM
64.5
93.6
79.5
131.5
73.8
95.1
93.9
58
50 mM
51.6
74.9
83.9
138.7
73.6
94.8
50.0
72.6
150 mM
44.9
65.1
36.2
59.9
71.4
92.0
50.0
72.6
300 mM
46.9
68.1
35.3
58.3
61.2
78.8
44.7
64.9
L. S. D. 5%
0.85
0.54
0.21
0.40
cv. Giza 168
Cont
88.7a
100
73.6a
100
158.8a
100
31.9a
100
20 mM
93.4
105.2
67.2
91.3
138.6
87.2
44.9
140.3
50 mM
98.4
110.9
67.6
91.8
138.8
87.4
42.5
132.8
150 mM
86.2
97.1
59.4
73.6
1146.5
92.2
33.3
104.2
300 mM
45.6
54.4
54.4
73.9
120.6
75.9
43.9
1.37
L. S. D. 5%
0.85
0.16
0.41
0.23
Means not labeled with letter (a) are significantly different from control level mean.
*Significant at < 0.05
In stems the soluble carbohydrates stimulated
markedly and highly significantly up to 50 mM NaCl,
then it reduced quickly and surprisingly. In leaves the
soluble carbohydrates remained more or less
unchanged at the most salinization levels, with a
minor reduction only at the higher salinity level used.
In spikes, the soluble carbohydrates dropped highly
significantly and quickly, whatever the salinity levels
used. The soluble carbohydrates reduced by about
35% at 300 mM NaCl. In roots of cv. Giza 168, the
