International Journal of Horticulture, 2017, Vol.7, No.3, 20-25
21
large proportion of man’s essential nutrients are contained in the wheat grain. These are carbohydrates (60 to 80%,
mainly as starch); proteins (8 to 15% which contain adequate amounts of all essential amino acids except lysine,
tryptophane and methionine); fats (1.5 to 2.0%); minerals (1.5 to 2.0%); and vitamins such as the B complex and
vitamin E (Kronstad, 1998). High Molecular Weight (HMW) subunits of wheat glutenin have become the most
intensively studied group of wheat proteins (Payne and coworkers, 1979). The subsequent studies have given us
the most complete picture of the structure of any family of the seed storage proteins and their genes. For the said
research analysis the germplasms were got from the Gene bank of Institute of Agri-Biotechnology & Genetic
Resources (IABGR), National Agricultural Research Center (NARC), Islamabad to generate a database and
characterizing for quantitative and biochemical traits.
2 Materials and Methods
In the 1
st
part of an experiment one hundred accessions of wheat (
Triticum Aestivum
L.) was conducted during the
wheat growing season November, 2004 - 2005 in augmented field design at research area of the Department of
Plant Breeding and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan (NWFP), Pakistan.
Cultural practices and fertilizer were applied properly. Data were taken for spike length (cm), number of spikelets
spike
-1
, grain yield plant
-1
, 1000-grain weight and yield (Kg/Ha). While, in the 2
nd
part of experiment all the said
one hundred accessions of wheat (
Triticum Aestivum
L.) germplasms were grown in the said research area for the
season 2005 - 2006 with recommended agronomic cultural practices. Hence a single grain was taken from each
100 wheat accessions and ground into fine powder. 10 mg of seed flour was added with 400 µl of protein
extraction buffer, centrifuged at 15,000 rpm for 10 minutes and stored at –20.0
℃
. The said fine powder was run
through slab type SDS-PAGE. The gels were stained and destained for date collection.
Analysis of data: For agro-morphological traits the data were statistically analyzed for frequency percentage and
combined correlation by the methods of (Steel and Torrie, 1980) and (Sneath and Sokal, 1973). While, for allelic
variation the data were recorded on the basis of catalogue (Payne, 1987).
3 Results
3.1 Spike length (cm)
The magnitude of genetic variability was significant for spike length. The frequency distribution (Figure 1) shows
that spike length (cm) ranged from 6.2 to 22.1 cm. There are three accessions [PARC/JICA 003839 (02)],
[PARC/MAFF 004273 (01)] and [PARC/MAFF 004310 (01)] which had minimum spike length (cm) 7.9, 8.1 and
6.5 cm respectively. While, only one accession [PARC/MAFF 004775 (01)] had maximum spike length (21.9 cm).
The diversity in accessions for spike length varied from 6.50 to 21.90 cm with mean value of 12.23 ±2.28 cm.
While, coefficient of variation for this parameter is 18.63 % (Table 1).
3.2 Spikelets spike
-1
The results of formal analysis depictst that wide variation in spikelets spike
-1
was detected. It varied from 8.50 to
29.80 number of spikelets spike
-1
with the mean value 16.35±3.00 and coefficient of variation 18.32% (Table 1).
The frequency distribution for number of spikelets spike
-1
(Figure 2) shows that number of spikelets spike
-1
ranged from 7.1 to 31.00. In which one germplasm [PARC/PGRI 004082 (01)] had minimum (8.5) number of
spikelets spike
-1
. While, the germplasm [PARC/MAFF 004280 (01)] has maximum (29.8) number of spikelets
spike
-1
.
Figure 1 Frequency distribution of spike length (cm)
Figure 2 Frequency distribution of spikelets spike-1
