International Journal of Aquaculture, 2017, Vol.7, No.5, 31
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compared to fish fed the control diet (diet F0). ANOVA further revealed that at both day 28 and day 56 post
commencement of the feeding, the serum creatinine kinase activity of fish fed diet F3 were significantly different
(p < 0.05) from those of fish fed diet F4 (Table 4; Table 5).
Table 4 Serum biochemistry findings at 28 days of feeding FB
1
based diets
Analyte
Experimental Diets
F0
F1
F2
F3
F4
TP (g/dL)
3.79±0.76
a
3.61±1.22
a
3.63±1.99
a
2.99±1.72
a
3.68±1.37
a
ALB (g/dL)
1.63±1.03
a
1.38±1.03
a
1.09±0.11
a
1.38±1.00
a
2.57±0.96
b
GLO (g/dL)
2.16±1.06
a
2.23±0.66
a
2.54±1.03
a
1.61±0.39
b
1.11±0.21
b
UREA (g/dL)
2.50 ±0.01
a
2.63 ±0.01
b
2.71 ±0.03
c
2.70 ±0.01
c
2.76 ±0.11
c
CREAT (IU)
0.19±0.30
a
0.23±0.06
a
0.29±0.41
a
0.77±0.19
b
0.98±0.09
c
AST (IU)
75.96±1.73
a
89.11±1.69
b
83.75±0.11
c
103.17±1.28
d
137.91±4.30
e
ALT(IU)
21.82±1.04
a
60.77±2.33
b
40.19±0.69
c
40.38±1.17
c
47.09±1.19
d
ALP(IU)
8.39±1.70
a
9.29±0.03
a
11.28±2.66
b
23.94±1.81
c
29.11±1.03
d
LDH(IU)
195.78±2.04
a
416.32±19.01
b
530.61±21.11
c
630.28±1.19
d
718.13±11.47
e
Note: Rows with different superscripts are significantly different from one another. TP= Total protein; ALB= Albumin; GLO=
Globulin; UREA= Urea; CREAT= Creatinine; AST= Aspartate transaminase; ALT= Alanine transaminase; ALP= Alkaline
phosphatase; LDH= Lactate dehydrogenase
Table 5 Serum biochemistry findings at 56 days of feeding FB
1
based diets
Analyte
Experimental Diets
F0
F1
F2
F3
F4
TP (g/dL)
3.61±0.77
a
3.40±1.30
a
3.57±0.33
a
3.10±0.29
a
3.51±0.44
a
ALB (g/dL)
1.78±1.04
a
1.48±1.91
a
1.30±1.20
a
1.71±1.03
a
2.09±1.02
a
GLO (g/dL)
1.83±0.89
a
1.92±0.71
a
2.27±0.11
ab
1.39±0.61
ac
1.42±0.78
ac
UREA (g/dL)
2.60±0.01
a
2.78±0.02
b
2.74±0.12
b
2.83±0.02
c
2.88±0.01
c
CREAT (IU)
0.22±0.16
a
0.22±0.16
a
0.26±0.66
a
0.69±0.19
b
1.03±0.09
c
AST (IU)
69.98±1.73
a
80.11±1.69
b
83.75±0.11
c
103.17±1.28
d
117.98±1.99
e
ALT (IU)
19.60±2.37
a
66.09±1.15
b
66.98±0.93
b
74.39±3.11
c
92.00±7.18
d
ALP (IU)
8.39±1.20
a
9.29±0.00
b
11.31±0.87
c
28.24±0.34
d
34.17±1.06
e
LDH (IU)
192.79±3.27
a
428.37±6.09
b
611.61±21.1
c
640.78±11.78
d
710.16±21.19
e
Note: Rows with different superscripts are significantly different from one another. TP= Total protein; ALB= Albumin; GLO=
Globulin; UREA= Urea; CREAT= Creatinine; AST= Aspartate transaminase; ALT= Alanine transaminase; ALP= Alkaline
phosphatase; LDH= Lactate dehydrogenase
Dietary exposure to varied concentrations of fumonisin B1 caused significant increases (p < 0.05) in serum
activity of AST and ALT compared to those of fish fed the control diet at day 7, 28 and 56 (Table 3; Table 4;
Table 5). Table 3, Table 4, and Table 5 further showed that fish fed diet F2 had consistently higher serum AST
and ALT activity compared with fish fed the other diets. The serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity increase
from 6.17 ±1.00 IU to 23.00 ±1.66 IU (at day 7). At day 28 of the dietary experiment, the serum ALP activity
increased from 8.39 ±1.70 IU (in the fish fed the control diet) to 29.11 ±1.03 IU (in fish fed diet F4). ANOVA
revealed the serum ALP activity varied significantly (p < 0.05) between fish fed the control diet and fish fed diets
amended with varied concentrations of fumonisin B1. Further, ANOVA also revealed significant variations (p <
0.05) in the serum activity amongst the fish fed the various concentrations of fumonisin B1.
Serum lactase dehydrogenase (LDH) concentration increased from 198.07 ±6.44 (in fishes fed the control diet) to
739.89 ±10.28 (in fish fed diet F4) 7 days post commencement of the feeding experiment (Table 2). ANOVA
revealed significant variations (p < 0.05) in the serum LDH concentration in the fish fed the control diet compared
to the fish fed diets amended with the various concentrations of fumonisin B1; further, the serum LDH
