International Journal of Aquaculture, 2017, Vol.7, No.5, 31
-
41
31
Research Article Open Access
Serum Biochemistry and Lipids Profiling in Experimental Dietary Exposure of
Heterobranchus Longifilis
Catfish Juveniles to Graded Concentrations of
Fumonisin B1
Adeyemo Bolade Thomas
1, 2
, Tiamiyu Lateef Oloyede
2, 3
, Ayuba Victoria Ogeh
2
1 Department of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Abuja, PMB 117 Abuja, Nigeria
2 Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture, College of Forestry and Fisheries, University of Agriculture Makurdi, PMB 2373 Makurdi, Nigeria
3 Department of Aquaculture and Fisheries, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Ilorin, PMB 1515 Ilorin, Nigeria
Corresponding author Email
International Journal of Aquaculture, 2017, Vol. 7, No.5 doi
Received: 02 Mar., 2017
Accepted: 20 Mar., 2017
Published: 06 Apr., 2017
Copyright © 2017
Adeyemo et al., This is an open access article published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits
unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Preferred citation for this article
:
Adeyemo B.T., Tiamiyu L.O., and Ayuba V.O., 2017, Serum biochemistry and lipids profiling in experimental dietary exposure of
Heterobranchus longifilis
catfish juveniles to graded concentrations of fumonisin B1, International Journal of Aquaculture, 7(5): 31-41 (doi
Abstract
Heterobranchus longifilis
catfish is an important aquaculture fish species in the West African sub region. The culture of
this fish is based on a diet containing up to 30% maize as a source of energy. We assessed the serum biochemical and lipids profile of
this fish following dietary exposure to graded concentrations of fumonisin B1 (FB
1
). 450 juvenile
H. longifilis
catfish were stocked
into 5 groups of 1000 L tanks consisting of 3 tanks per group and fed one of five experimental diets amended with purified FB
1
(0.0;
10.0; 20.0; 20.0; 40.0 and 80.0 mg FB
1
/kg) for 56 days. At time point’s day 7, day 28 and day 56, five fish each were randomly
sampled from each tank and bled for serum biochemical and lipids profiling. Results shows that the experimental diets had greater
FB
1
concentration (2.37; 14.68; 24.74; 43.04 and 82.77 mg FB
1
/ kg), compared to the concentration of purified FB
1
added at the time
of production of the diets. Dietary FB
1
at inclusions ≥ 24.74 mg FB
1
/kg caused a nonspecific dose and duration of feeding dependent
changes in serum biochemical parameters marked by hypoprotenemia, hyperalbuminemia and increased serum activities of alanine
aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, creatinine, urea and lactate dehydrogenase compared to fish fed
the control diets. Other changes observed in
H. longifilis
catfish juveniles following dietary exposure to FB
1
include
hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglycerolemia. It was concluded that for profitable
H. longifilis culture,
dietary FB
1
should not
exceed 24.74 mg FB1/kg.
Keywords
Heterobranchus longifilis
; Catfish; Serumbiochemistry; Lipids profiling; Fumonisin B1
1 Introduction
Aquaculture with an average annual growth rate of 8.9% since the early 1970s compared to 1.2% for capture
fisheries and 2.8% for terrestrial farmed meat production systems over the same period has become the fastest
growing food production sector world-wide (FAO, 2014). One of the key factors sustaining this growth has been
the use of plant-based proteins in feeds designed for use in aquaculture (Francis et al., 2001; Tiamiyu and
Solomon, 2011). This is due to their lower costs when compared with fish meal based feeds, whose production
has been reported to be experiencing a global decline (Spring and Fegan, 2005; Santos et al., 2010; Encarnacao,
2011). The use of plant based ingredients in fish feed formulations poses a threat to fish health as these plant
product may be veritable sources of mycotoxins in the compounded feeds (Santos et al., 2010); the introduction of
mycotoxins contaminated plant products in aquaculture feeds has therefore become a major concern (Binder et al.,
2007; Griesler and Encarnacao, 2009; Encarnacao, 2011). Fumonisins, especially Fumonisin B1 (FB
1
) produced
by fungi of the genus Fusarium (
Fusarium verticiloides
and
F. proliferatum
) has been reported to be frequent
contaminant of maize and products made from maize (Walter and Marasas, 2001). Animal and human health
problems related to this mycotoxin are almost exclusively associated with the consumption of contaminated maize
or maize products (Bucci et al., 1998; Marasas, 2001).
Serum biochemical determinations in fish blood are recognized as indispensable tools for the assessment of fish
nutrition and health (Tacon, 1992; Anderson et al., 1995). Mycotoxins have been noted to cause serum
