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at these individuals, as specific masculine character-
istic in farming environment. Otherwise, exploiting
the physical capacities of work bound to their biologic
maturation, bachelors and bridegrooms of this age
group use hunt to put in exergue their autonomy. The
dejected games are destined electively to the sale, this
to ends of modern product purchase supposed of first
necessity: clothes, dish, portable telephone, box of
canned food, matches, soap, station radio, drink
(
alcohol “
pastis
”).
These individuals prove to be real
social actors, of the economic agents expeditious to
assume itself/themselves and to assure the survival
of their setting. They assume responsibilities
previously assigned to the aged people while
becoming facto of the near collaborators of village
chiefs (or of family). It is associated in part to their
economic power, had consideration to the manner to
struggle to find solutions bound to conditions of
existence of their dependent.
Concerning the main activity of the household chief,
67.3% (
p<0.01) exercise hunt. Data of an investiga-
tion achieved in West Africa on interrogated 112
hunters (Moutsamboté and Sita, 1996), it comes out
again that 80% declare to have another activity
(
occasional hunters and / or are fishermen). On the
other hand, alone 10% are hunters in full-time, which
5%
for Ghana, 2% for Togo and 3% for Benin and in
short 4% to the Nigeria.
Besides, the importance of hunt increased these last
years in Central Africa in association with other
farming activities as hunters, hunters-pickers and
commercial hunters (Adie and Atibt, 2005).
This fact is noted in particular in the zone of
investigation, because of the reduction of the gainful
uses, in urban environment specially. These contribute
to nourish the economic possibilities of the farming
populations and to increase the value added of the
bush meat, so much as food source that financial. It is
why the food insecurity contributed to the expansion
of withdrawals of products of the wild fauna; process
accentuated by the cultural values, sometimes greatly
anchored in customs of populations, this in a context
of pauperization, more and more important demo-
graphic pressure and strong urbanization. Thus, these
factors explain the development of a lucrative path of
the trade of the bush meat (Auzel, 2001; Auzel et al., 2000),
framed very badly following the stake in
implementing of a legal setting very little adapted. For
the poorest populations, hunt is an activity that
generates an important source of incomes. In
consequence, while considering the level of present
consumption of game as unbearable, at a time for the
wild fauna and for the local populations themselves. It
would probably entail a food insecurity phenomenon
through the natural resource loss of which depends on
the millions of inhabitants of countries of Central
Africa. It is also the case of communities living in the
Conkouati-Douli National Park. One of approaches to
dam up the phenomenon is to reduce the non protected
species hunt and to put alternatives in place to the
bush meat.
However, this approach remains difficult to put at the
level in work of Congo where the bush meat is a
tradition in villagers’ gourmets. Also, the management
of hunt remains is a very controversial activity. The
national regulations prohibit bush meat merchandising.
However, it allows the slaughtering of the maximal
quantities of games defined by the law, without
accepting the trade of products drifted of hunt; even
though tradesmen get a stock by the authorized
hunters, as it is the case of the artisanal hunters in
Cameroon (Adie and Atibt, 2005). Besides, in other
African countries hunt is not only a means to obtain of
supplies. It is also as a social event to the course of
which the young people put to test their virility in
order to increase their means of subsistence thanks to
hunt (Infield, 1988).
Concerning the seasonal variations of hunt, they
affected hunters differently. Hunt is effectively
functioning of the hunter's personal conviction; it is
practiced all year round, in spite of the forecasting of
periods of opening and closing of the hunt season.
Often, it is during the raining season (when herbs are
high and forest impenetrable) that animals are more
abundant. Hunt is preferred therefore in rain season,
because displacements on the humid litter are easy and
silent, contrary to the dry season where the least
crunch of leaves and the dry branches can imme-
diately alert animals. Nights of full moon are as