Triticeae Genomics and Genetics 2016, Vol.7, No.3, 1
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9
5
There are a marked and significant increase in the production of dry matter in shoots and roots of maize, wheat,
cotton, broad bean and parsley plants when spraying the vegetative parts with 100 ppm either GA
3
or kinetin
(Table 1). It is worthy to note that the production of dry matter at -1.2 MPa NaCl level produce a values mostly
higher than those of control plants in shoots and roots of maize, wheat, cotton, broad bean and parsley plants when
treated with GA
3
or kinetin (Table 1; Table 2; Table 3; Table 4). Except of this trend roots of maize, shoots of
wheat and broad bean reach near the values of control and roots of parsley plants (Table 1).When treated salinized
maize, wheat, cotton, broad bean and parsley plants with either 100 ppm GA
3
or kinetin showed a different
response on the accumulation of proline. Plants treated with GA
3
reduced the accumulation of proline in shoots
and roots of maize broad bean and parsley plants while tended to increase in shoots and roots of wheat and cotton
as compared with control plants (Figure 1; Figure 2; Figure 3; Figure 4; Figure 5). Kinetin treatment induced in
most cases a reduction in proline content of wheat roots, shoots and roots of broad bean and parsley plants. While
stimulation in the accumulation was observed in shoots of maize and shoots and roots of cotton plants was
induced, proline content remain unchanged in roots of maize and shoots of wheat. Phytohormonal application
reduced the accumulation of sodium in shoots and roots of maize, wheat, cotton, broad bean and parsley plants
(Figure 1; Figure 2; Figure 3; Figure 4; Figure 5). Except of this trend sodium content showed an increase of Na
+
content when treated with GA
3
in roots of maize plants (Figure 1b).
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
0 0.3 Mpa 0.6 Mpa 0.9 Mpa 1.2 Mpa
Control
Na Cl+GA3
NaC +Kine.
(a)
(b)
Figure 5 Effect of salinization and treatment with GA3 or kinetin on Na+content (mg/g.d.m.) in shoots (a) and roots (b) of paesley
plants grown for 45 days
Note: (a) L.S.D. 0.05%1.14; (b) L.S.D.% 0.05 2.1
2 Discussion
Based on our results, we cannot distinguish between higher proline concentrations in plant cells being as an
indicator of injury or a protection mechanism. The increase of Na
+
and proline content in these tested plants
indicated that the proline content may act as an indicator of Na
+
uptake and allow the identification of tolerant
plants, which effectively exclude Na
+
from plant either by exclus ion or compartmentalization (Zhu 2001; Kumara
et al., 2003; Garthwaite et al., 2005; Garacia et al., 1997; Garacia et al., 2004). In maize and cotton plants while
Na
+
increased in shoots and roots, proline content decreased in shoot and roots of these plants. This concomitant
with reduction of dry matter in both organs of the maize and cotton plants, i.e. proline cannot be considered as a
signal of high osmotic stress. The percent of reduction in proline content and dry matter of shoots and roots at -1.2
MPa NaCl level was 20%, 66%, 28%, 40% for maize and 60%, 44%, 33% and 29% for cotton plants. This
indicate that a-Root is the most organ exposed to high osmotic stress in the soil and the most sensitive than shoot
to saline injury in maize plants and in cotton shoot is the most sensitive organ. B- Proline was more translocated
form root to shoot with mass flow in maize while it accumulated in root of cotton plant. This reflected an increase
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
0 0.3 Mpa 0.6 Mpa 0.9 Mpa 1.2 Mpa
Control
Na Cl+GA3 NaC +Kine.
