Basic HTML Version
International Journal of Marine Science 2014, Vol.4, No.54, 1-10
http://ijms.biopublisher.ca
5
the September. Declining of number of waterbirds in
both part of wetlands was similar (Figure 2). It is
much easier to make accurate counts of breeding birds,
or nests, than to count all birds in marsh bird
populations. Pollution may affect waterbirds in many
ways as waterbirds are fresh water top predators that
biomagnified contaminants to high concentrations. In
some parts of the North Sea monitoring pollutants by
seabirds as accumulative indicators occurs already, but
should be expanded to other areas of the world, using
further species as monitors [11]. To examine population
trends from July to September 2011, for two Parts of
marsh we calculated liner regression of mean of total
birds for July, August and September. We found a
significant negative trend in the total number of
waterbirds in two parts of wetland (p=0.05, slope=
0.113). Because these two parts closed together and only
difference between them is wastewater of Izeh city that
released to south part of wetland. These pollutants caused
the significant difference between waterbirds number.
Figure 2 Trend of population of waterbirds in south and north
part of Miangaran marsh
The results of monitoring from July to Sept. 2011
suggest significant fluctuations in the overall
waterbirds population on the wetland. The total
number of waterbirds varied from 2110 to 4707
individual (Table 2). Percentage of water birds
species in more polluted and low-polluted part of
wetland has been showed on Figure 3 (69% >31%).
Population of waterbirds in the more polluted part of
wetland in an average was 703.3 individuals belong
to 9 family, 17 species (9 of them were waterbirds
and the rest were wader and wading birds), and in
low-polluted part of wetland the average density of
birds population were 16.51 individuals belong to 10
family, from 17 species (9 species were waterbirds
and 8 species were wader and wading birds) the
reason is caused by wastewater enters into the south
part and causes repulsion of birds. In the other hand
these wastewater cause aquatic organism not to move
a lot and make them easy targets to hunt by aquatic
Figure 3 Percentage of water birds population in south and
north part of marsh
Table 2 Similarity of bird's communities in two part of Izeh marsh in summer 2011 (Morista’s Index)
Polluted
Area
Low-polluted
Area
July
August
Sept.
July
August
Sept.
July
1
South part
August
0.94
1
Sept.
0.95
0.94
1
July
0.71
0.59
0.77
1
North part
August
0.13
0.07
0.21
0.61
1
Sept.
0.58
0.43
0.60
0.88
0.56
1.01
eating birds, but these polluted aquatic organism will
cause diseases and make birds sick and will increase
mortality of birds. Some parts of this pollution will
be transfer by birds to other habitats of the region.
The most number of bird species in more polluted
area of wetland in summer was 15 species (Table1).
Phonicopterus
ruber, Plegadis falcinellus
and
botaris
stelaris
, were seen in north part (low-polluted part)