International Journal of Horticulture, 2015, Vol.5, No.21, 1-45
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(2009) studied genetic similarities among 83 rose varieties, including 13 mutant groups. Twelve AFLP primer
combinations generated 284 polymorphic markers and 114 monomorphic (fixed) bands. Pair-wise Jaccard
similarities between original varieties and derived mutants were close to 1.0 (>0.96), whereas all similarities
between original varieties were below 0.80, with 75% of the non-mutant similarities even being below 0.50. On
the basis of a consistent and large difference between similarities, relations between an original variety and its
mutants can easily be identified and distinguished from relations between original varieties. These results open the
way for implementing the essential derivation concept in rose.
Zhang et al. (2000) developed AFLP markers and evaluated rose varieties for identification purpose and estimated
molecular diversity among modern roses using 12 prescreened primer combinations. Mahapatra and Rout (2005)
identified and analyzed 34 rose cultivars using RAPD.
Yan et al. (2003) used 365 uni-parental AFLP and SSR markers to prepare Parental linkage maps of a segregating
population of diploid rose hybrids (2n=2x=14) derived from a cross between two half-sib parents (P119 and P117).
Of the markers, 157 P119 markers (85 %) mapped on eight linkage groups and 133 P117 markers (78 %) on seven
linkage groups. The resulting linkage maps of P119 and P117 spanned 463 cM and 491 cM with an average of
interval between markers of 2.9 cM and 3.7 cM, respectively. The present genetic maps were used to identify
quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for two growth vigour-related traits, leaf area and chlorophyll content, using the
Multiple QTL Mapping approach. Three QTLs for leaf area and two QTLs for chlorophyll content were identified.
The QTLs accounted, in total, for 50.8 % (range 7.0-23.1 %) and 25.8 % (range 7.6-18.2 %) of the total
phenotypic variance for leaf area and chlorophyll content, respectively. The detection of highly significant major
QTLs enables marker-assisted selection for growth vigour in rose.
Debener et al. (2000) used RAPD and AFLP fragments to infer genetic differences between the sports, the
original variety and seedlings of two cut rose varieties as well as a garden rose variety. They proposed that
molecular markers can be used to verify the origin of vegetatively propagated rose plants of doubtful origin, thus
enabling breeders in the future to claim plant breeders rights on sports of varieties already registered.
A total of 305 RAPD and AFLP markers were analysed in a population of 60 F1 Rose hybrids plants based on a
so-called “double-pseudotestcross” design. Of these markers 278 could be located on the 14 linkage groups of the
two maps, covering total map lengths of 326 and 370 cM, respectively. The average distances between markers in
the maps for 93/1–117 and 93/1–119 is 2.4 and 2.6 cM, respectively. In addition to the molecular markers, genes
controlling two phenotypic characters, petal number (double versus single flowers) and flower colour (pink versus
white), were mapped on linkage groups 3 and 2, respectively. The maps provide a tool for further genetic analyses
of horticulturally important genes as, for example, resistance genes and a starting point for marker-assisted
breeding in roses (Debener and Mattiesch, 1999).
Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAF’D) markers were tested for the identification of nine rose cultivars
and three clonal plants. All of the cultivars were identified by using only three primers. Moreover, individuals
were also distinguished by unique RAPD marker bands (Matsumoto and Fukui, 1996).
RAPD markers were used to analyse genetic diversity in 25 rose cultivar and 5 species. Thirty five
randomdecamer primers were employed for RAPD analysis, of which the 28 primers generated polymorphic
bands. In total, 226 bands were obtained, of which 209 were polymorphic, while 17 bands monomorphic. The rose
cultivars studied in the present investigation possessed some important commercial characteristics,
viz
. good
colour Abhishek, stripe red petaled (Pusa Mansij) one of parent used for many varieties (Delhi Princess),
rootstock for rose (
R. bourboniana
) and a source of fragrance (
R. damascena
) etc. having a potential for
exploitation in breeding programmes. The incorporation of some of the traits to develop elite commercial cultivars
could be enhanced by the application of molecular markers (Sasikumar et al., 2007). Characterization of rose
cultivars and species using RAPD technique has been suggested as an efficient reliable and clonic alternative to
the conventional methods those are based on morphological markers
