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International Journal of Horticulture 2014, Vol.4, No.16, 1
-
6
http://ijh.biopublisher.ca
2
To find the effect of fertigation under pressurized
irrigation on the growth and yield of Bhendi.
1 Materials and methods
Field Location
The experiments were conducted in Agricultural
College and Research Institute Madurai, Tamil Nadu.
The experimental site is geographically located at 9
degree 54’N latitude and 78 degree 54’E longitude of
147m above mean sea level.
Weather and Climate
The meteorological parameters averaged over 25 years
revealed that a mean annual rainfall of 864mm was
received in 47 rainy days. Out of which 39.8 per cent
was distributed during South West Monsoon (SWM),
42.0 per cent during North East Monsoon (NEM), 2.1
per cent during winter and 16.1 per cent during
summer. The daily mean, medium and maximum
temperatures were 33.37 and 23.94 degree Celsius
respectively. The man daily PAN evaporation was 6.2
mm with a mean relative humidity of 79 per cent.
Soil Characteristics
The properties of the experimental soil are furnished
viz., texture is Sandy Loam with 7.42
P
H, 0.52 ds/m,
EC and the available N, P and K was 220, 12.0 and
236 kg ha
-1
.
Crop and Varieties
Crop Name:
Bhendi
, Variety Name: Arka Anamica
Bhendi
is one of the most familiar vegetables in India,
which is grown extensively throughout the year.
Bhendi
is a cheap and nutritious vegetable of the
common man in India. The stem is useful for clearing
cane juice in preparation of jaggery. The dry seed
contains 13-22 per cent edible oil and protein. The
plants are about 100 cm tall, upright; open with slight
pigmentation on stem, petiole and lower leaves. Fruits
are dark green with five prominent ridges and
comparatively less smooth surface. The variety is
excellent yielder in south with a lower performance in
northern states. It has resistant to Yellow Mosaic Virus
(YMV).
Cultivation practice
Preparation of experimental site
The field was ploughed thrice and brought to a fine
tilth. Recommended dose of 40 kg nitrogen, 50 kg
phosphorus and 30 kg of potash per ha were applied
phosphorus as basal dressing before sowing.
Surface Irrigation- Furrow Irrigation
Drip Irrigation with lateral spacing of 90 cm
Micro Sprinkler with 2m x 2m spacing
Sowing and Planting
Healthy viable
bhendi
seeds of Arka Anamika were
dibbled in main field. The spacing adopted for
bhendi
was 45 cm between rows and 30 cm between plants
Irrigation
Surface irrigation-irrigation was given at 10 days
interval Micro irrigation-From the third irrigation
onwards, the irrigation was given on the basis of pan
evaporation values though micro sprinklers @ 75%
Etc, 100%Etc and 125% Etc to respective treatment plot.
To carry out micro sprinkler irrigation treatment, 63
mm PVC main pipes and 40 mm PVC sub- main pipes
were used to convey the water from the source to the
field. The laterals with 16mm LDPE pipes were
placed at a distance of 3m to a length of 24 m on
either side of the sub-main. The micro-sprinklers were
placed along the laterals at an interval of 3 m in order
to have 33 per cent overlapping.
Fertilizer Application
Recommended dose of 40 kg nitrogen, 50 kg
phosphorus and 30 kg of potash per ha were applied
phosphorus as basal dressing before sowing and N &
K as three equal splits on 20 and 40 days after sowing
were pressurized irrigation phosphorus as basal by
furrow method, nitrogen and potash as through
fertigation from 7 to 84 days after sowing at weekly
intervals.
Micro sprinkler irrigation plots received 50%
phosphorus and potassium as basal through straight
Fertilizer and 50% through fertigation. Fertigation was
done with the application of nitrogen, phosphorus and
potassium in the form of water soluble fertilizers (poly
fed and multi K) through fertilizer tank (ventury
unit).The calculated quantity of soluble fertilizer were
dissolved in water and filled in the fertilizer tank after
filtering. In each fertigation, the required quantity of
water soluble fertilizers were dissolved separately in
ten liters of water and supplied through ventury unit.
Crop management
Field preparation
The filed was ploughed twice with tractor drawn duck
foot cultivator, followed by rotavator twice and