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International Journal of Horticulture 2014, Vol.4, No.16, 1
-
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http://ijh.biopublisher.ca
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leveled. Plot of 7.2m *7.2m (Experiment-I) and 7.2m
*4.2m (Experiment-II) were formed with necessary
irrigation channels for surface irrigation.
Seeds and Sowing
The seeds of vamban (Gg) 3 were treated with seed
hardening and pelleting treatment and then dried in
shade before sowing. The seed rate of 25 kg ha-1 was
adopted. A uniform spacing of 30 cm between rows 10
cm between plants was adopted to maintain the
uniform plant population of 33 plants per m2. Gap filling
was done art 5 DAS and thinning was done at 7 DAS.
Irrigation
The sowing and light irrigation was given uniformly
to all the plots irrespective of the treatment schedule
and subsequent irrigations were given as per the
treatments based on the evaporation values. Irrigation
was given though field channels for the surface
irrigation plots.
The time of micro-sprinkler irrigation was calculated
for 100 per cent Etc as follows ans a chart was
prepared to operate the micro sprinklers.
Irrigation Water Requirement
IW=ET
c
*A
ETC = E
p
*K
p
*K
c
Where,
IW = irrigation water requirement
ET
c
- Evapo-transpiration of crop (mm)
A-Plot area (m
2
)
E
p
-Pan evaporation (mm)
K
p
-pan factor (0.80)
K
c
-crop coefficient (Annexure 11)
Time of micro sprinkler irrigation system operation
T= IW /O
ms
*N
ms
*60
Where,
T=Time (minutes)
IW=Irrigation water (litre)
O
ms
=men out of micro sprinkler (litre hour
-1
)
N
ms
=Number of micro sprinklers I in the plot (4 in
Experiment 1 and 2 in Experiment)
Weed Management
The experimental fields were kept relatively free from
weeds by spraying pendimethalin @1.0kg a.i.ha
-1
to
all the plots uniformly on third day after sowing. One
hoeing and weeding was done at 30 DAS.
Fertilizer and Fertigation
Fertigation was done with application of calculated
quantity of water soluble fertilizers through fertilizer
tank (ventury unit) in sprinkler irrigation system. In
surface irrigation area, the fertilizer application was
done by manual broad casting.
Plant Protection
Root rot disease (
Microphomina phaseolina)
symptoms
were noticed and it was controlled by spot drenching
with carbendazim @1g lit
-1
(Experiment -1) and
whitefly was controlled by spraying endosulfan @0.5
ml lit
-1
at 30 and 45 DAS.
2 Experimental results
The experimental result was generated in the study
of performance of
Bhendi
under different treatments
of irrigation such like surface, drip irrigation, micro
sprinkler and sub surface irrigation on growth yield,
uptake of waters and quality of fruits are presented
in Table 1.
Table 1 Effect of different irrigation practices on growth parameters of
bhendi
Treatment
Germination
(%)
Plant height
(cm)
No. of. Leaves
plant
-1
No. of. Branches
plant
-1
No. of. Flowers
Plant
-1
No. of fruits
plant
-1
Fruit yield
t ha
-1
Surface irrigation
90.0
180.5
28.0
8.0
40.2
32.1
24.20
Drip irrigation
96.0
175.0
32.0
10.0
60.6
56.3
61.50
Sub surface irrigation
98.0
172.80
34.0
12.0
66.4
62.4
69.30
Micro sprinkler irrigation 94.0
160.0
32.0
10.0
58.1
54.8
51.60
SEd
3.8
6.7
2.7
1.9
4.6
6.4
4.2
CD (0.05)
7.4
12.3
4.9
3.4
9.9
12.9
8.5