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International Journal of Horticulture 2014, Vol.4, No.16, 1
-
6
http://ijh.biopublisher.ca
1
Research Report Open Access
Effect of various irrigation practices on yield of bhendi (
Abeslmoschus esculentus
L.)
cv arka anamika
R.Thirumalaikumar
1
, A. Mohammed Rafi
1
, K. Krishna Surendar
2
, R.Babu
3
1. Tamil Nadu Agriculture University, Coimbatore – 641 003, India
2. Assistant Professor, Vanavarayar Institute of Agriculture, Pollachi-624 103, India
3. Professor and Head, Department of Agronomy, TNAU, AC & RI, Killikulam, India
Corresponding author email
International Journal of Horticulture, 2014, Vol.4, No.16 doi: 10.5376/ijh.2014.04.0016
Received: 05 Jul., 2014
Accepted: 12 Aug, 2014
Published: 23 Oct., 2014
Copyright
© 2014 Thirumalaikumar et al., This is an open access article published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which
permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Preferred citation for this article
:
Thirumalaikumar et al., 2014, Effect of various irrigation practices on yield of bhendi (
Abeslmoschus esculentus
L.) cv arka anamika, International Journal of
Horticulture, 2014, Vol.4, No.16 1-6 (doi
Abstract
A
Bhendi
(
Abelmoschus esculentus
L.) is one of the most familiar vegetables in India which is grown extensively
throughout the year.
Bhendi
(okra) is considered to be cheap and nutritious vegetable for the common man of India. A field
experiment was conducted at Agricultural college and research institute, Madurai to study the effect of various methods of irrigation
practices on the growth and yield of
Bhendi
. The treatment consists of surface irrigation, subsurface irrigation, drip irrigation and
micro sprinkler irrigation. For surface irrigation, fertilizers were applied at three equal splits as basal, 20 and 40 DAS with the entire
P as basal and N and K in three equal splits. For pressurized irrigation, 50 per cent of P and K are given as basal soil based fertilizer
and the balance P and K were given through water soluble fertilizers. The balance N was supplied as urea through fertigation. The
fertigation were given from 9 DAS to 90 DAS at weekly intervals. The subsurface irrigation recorded the highest values for growth
as well as yield parameters and yield. Besides, the water use efficiency of subsurface irrigation was high compared to the rest of the
irrigation methods. Hence, the subsurface method of irrigation may be recommended as a viable irrigation practice for Bhendi as
compared to all other irrigation methods.
Keywords
Bhendi
; Irrigation practices; Yield
Introduction
Bhendi
(
Abelmoschus esculentus
L.) is one of the most
familiar vegetables in India which is grown
extensively throughout the year. Bhendi, an annual
plant of Malvaceae family, is a cheap and nutritious
vegetable consumed in India. India is the largest
producer of
Bhendi
(okra) in the world. Okra is more
remunerative than the leafy vegetables. Its adaptability
to a wide range of growing conditions makes it
popular among vegetables growers. In India, the area
under okra is 3.60 lakhs hectares produces 3.5 million
tonnes of fruits (Shanmugasundram, 2004). In Tamil
Nadu, it is cultivated on an area of 6209 hectares with
the production of 52566 tonnes (Anon, 2005).
Fresh okra fruits are used as vegetable in India, Brazil,
West Africa and many other countries. Tender green
fruits are cooked in curry and also used in soups, sun
dried, frozen for abroad market. The root and stems
are used for clearing cane juice in production of
jaggery. The dry seeds contain 13-22 per cent edible
oil and 20-24 per cent protein. The dry fruit shell and
stem containing crude fibre is suitable for the
manufacture of paper and cardboard (Thamburaj and
Narenda Singh, 2001). The high iodine content, an
essential element of fruits is helpful in controlling
goiter disease. Green pods are rich source of protein,
iron, vitamin A, B and C 100 grams of consumable
unripe bhendi fruits contain 10.4g dry matter, 3100
calorie energy, 1.8 g protein, 90 mg calcium, 1.0 mg,
0.1mg carotene, 0.07 mg thiamin, 0.08 mg riboflavin,
0.08 mg niacin and vitamin-C (Thamburaj and
Narenda Singh, 2001).
However, the average productivity of
Bhendi
in India
is merely 148.4q/ha. This lower productivity in the
country is due to several reasons. Among the various
factors contributing to low yield, nutrient imbalance is
one of the most important factors. Hence, there is
greater scope for in increasing the yield of
Bhendi
through water and nutrient management.
Thus, the present study aims on the nutrient and water
management in Bhendi with the following objectives.
To find the effect various methods of pressurized
irrigation on the growth and yield of Bhendi.