International Journal of Horticulture, 2017, Vol.7, No. 5, 33-39
33
Research Report Open Access
Assessment of Genetic Diversity in Wheat (
Triticum aestivum
L.) under Elevated
Yellow Rust Pressure
Izharullah
1
,
Amin Ur Rehman
2
, Zakiullah
1
, Shahid Iqbal
1
, Shehzad
1
, Muhammad Mohibullah
3
, Irfanullah
3
1 Faculty of Agriculture, University of Poonch Rawalakot, Azad Jammu and Kahmir (AJ&K)
2 National Agricultural Research Centre (NARC) Islamabad, Pakistan
3 Faculty of Agriculture, Gomal University Dera Ismail Khan (K.P.K), Pakistan
Corresponding email
International Journal of Horticulture, 2017, Vol. 7, No. 5 doi
Received: 07 Jan., 2017
Accepted: 28 Feb., 2017
Published: 31 Mar., 2017
Copyright
©2017 Izharullah et al., This is an open access article published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits
unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Preferred citation for this article
:
Izharullah, Rehman A.U., Zakiullah, Iqbal S., Shehzad, Mohibullah M., and Irfanullah, 2017, Assessment of genetic diversity in wheat (
Triticum aestivum
L.)
under elevated yellow rust pressure, International Journal of Horticulture, 7(5): 33-39 (doi
Abstract
The research work was carried out at national agriculture research center Islamabad (NARC) and Pakistan council of
scientific and industrial research (PCSIR) Peshawar. The research was comprised of biochemical characterization SDS page and PCA to
estimate the genetic diversity. The cultivar were consisted of cultivated varieties, elite varieties and advance line of (30) genotypes. To
absorb Fe, Cr, Ca, Mn, Zn, Pb, Cu, Na, K, protein, moisture, concentration. Sodium Dodeceylsulphate Poly Acraylamide Gel
Electrophoresis of wheat genotypes was conducted. The data was collected and subjected to analysis of un weighted pair group method
with arithmetic averages (UPGMA) with statistica software package 0.5. In multivariate data analysis have 11 variables which have
maximum variability. The more variation was observed among Inqilab-91, Bars-2009, Shafaq-2006, NARC-2009, Wc-24, and
Sahakar-95. To produce more diverse genotypes we should cross among these varieties.
Keywords
Genetic Diversity; SDS; PCA
1 Introduction
Wheat a cereal grass of the
Graminae
(
Poaceae
) family and of the genus
Triticum
, is the world’s largest cereal
crop. It has been described as the ‘King of cereals’ because of the acreage it occupies, high productivity and the
prominent position it holds in the international food grain trade. Wheat is a rich source of carbohydrates, protein,
essential amino acids except lysine, minerals such as phosphorus, magnesium, iron, copper & zinc and vitamins
like thiamin, riboflavin, niacin and vitamin E (Khan and Zeb, 2007). Wheat holds a distinct position in Pakistani
diet contributing more than 60% of the total protein & calorie requirements and about 80% of total dietary intake
(Bostan and Naeem, 2002).
Bread wheat seed-storage proteins represent an important source of food and energy, being involved in the
determination of bread-making quality (Cooke and Law, 1998). It is unique among cereals since its milled product
“flour” is capable of forming the dough due to its gluten content. The unique characteristics of wheat can be
attributed to the ability of its proteins gliadin and glutenin, which upon hydration form viscoelastic network gluten:
the actual substance that imparts gas retention property to dough (Shah et al., 2008).
The polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis has been used to show that large size variation exists among LMW and
HMW glutenin subunits, and it has been suggested that deletions and insertions within the repetitive region are
responsible for these variations in length (Benmoussa et al., 2000). Sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel
electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) is widely used technique due to its validity and simplicity to describe genetic
structure of crop germplasm (Laemmli, 1970). SDS-PAGE is considered to be reliable method because seed
storage proteins are not influenced by environmental changes. Seed protein patterns obtained by electrophoresis
have been successfully used to resolve the taxonomic and evolutionary problems of several crop plants
(Ladizinsky and Hymowitz, 1979; Das and Mukherjee, 1995). In the recent years Principal component analysis
(PCA) has been used for evaluation and characterization of data of foods as: cereal, honey, wine and others
(Araujo et al., 2008).
