GMO Biosafety Research 2014, Vol.6, No.1, 1-9
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biosafety and food safety of GEPs; Agriculture
Ministry Regulation No 37/2011 Benefit of plant
genetic resources; Agriculture Ministry Regulation No
61/2011 Assessment and release of plant variety) and
Protect and Manage of Environment (Law No.
32/2009; Gov. Reg. No 21/2005 about the Biosafety of
GEPs; Presidential Regulation No 39/2010 GE
Institution) (Figure 2).
Figure 2 Hierarchy regulation of regarding policy on biosafety
of GEPs
Policy analysis of Biosafety Management
Related for filing, the GEPs biosafety requires a
complex mechanism because it involves several
government agencies, before finally being decided by
the competent ministries or agencies. In Indonesia, the
decision for biosafety case will be issued by the
Ministry of Environment, food safety by the National
Management Agency of Drug and Food, feed safety
by the Ministry of Agriculture. The filing for the
environmental safety for agricultural products by the
proponents are addressed to the Ministry of
Agriculture and notified the Minister of the
Environment, while for forest products should be
addressed to the Minister of Forestry to be notified by
the Minister of the Environment. The agencies in
charge of issuing the permission of GEPs distribution
in Indonesia can be seen in Figure 3.
In accordance with the requirements for the release of
each GEPs with biosafety certificates, are required
some special mechanisms different to other
conventional products (Herman 2008). Based on that
case, Indonesia government also made efforts to
promote awareness to achieve synchronization and
interoperability between the information system of
related stakeholders involved in biosafety informational
Figure 3 Authorized Agencies in issuing the permission of
GEPs distribution
activities, and also strong implementation from the
government as policy makers. Because the application
process involves more than one institution, it needs a
clear coordination and cooperation between those
them. Submission process for biosafety is related to
the prevailing bureaucratic system in Indonesia so that
the monitoring procedures and clarification intense
between the applicants and the examiners are
available. Besides, the compliance to the established
regulations and laws need to gain attention, as well as
legal sanctions for the ones who violate these rules.
Every country has its specific rules and procedures, so
that in the Protocol states that each county gets
allowance to make its own rules adapted to the
conditions of each country, including the
consideration of its environment, economic and social
communities in Indonesia. Review of the policy
analysis of sustainable management of GEP was done
in order to yield a recommendation to the government
in managing the continuous utilization of GEPs that
will not be detrimental to the environment and human
health. The factors that have roles in the sustainability
of a business or activity are influenced by three main
pillars; environmental, economic and social. On GEPs
management case in Indonesia, we can add technology
factor, in hopes that Indonesia can master the
developing technology of GEPs and also for biosafety
assessment.
Research Methods
a. Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and
Interpretative Structural Modeling (ISM) analysis
AHP is used to determine the key elements to be
addressed and expected to be able to solve the
complex issues so the decision issues making can be
