GMO Biosafety Research 2015, Vol.6, No.1, 1-9
1
Research Article Open Access
Policy Analysis of Sustainable Genetically Engineered Plants (GEPs) Management
Using Decision Making Method in Indonesia
Deswina P
1
, Syarief R
2
, Rachman LM
3
, Herman M
4
1. Research Center for Biotechnology, LIPI, Indonesia
2. Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia
3. Faculty of Agriculture, Bogor Agricultural University PB; Indonesia
4. Agricultural Biotechnology and Genetic Resource Research and Development, Agricultural Ministry, Indonesia
Corresponding author email
GMO Biosafety Research, 2015, Vol.6, No.1 doi: 10.5376/gmo.2015.06.0001
Received: 17 Oct., 2014
Accepted: 30 Dec., 2014
Published: 17 Feb., 2015
Copyright
©
2015
Deswina et al., This is an open access article published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted
use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Preferred citation for this article:
Deswina et al., 2015, Policy Analysis of Sustainable Genetically Engineered Plants (GEPs) Management Using Decision Making Method in Indonesia, GMO
Biosafety Research, Vol.6, No.1 1
-
9 (doi
Abstract
Technology of genetic engineered is an alternative way to improve both the quality and the quantity of agricultural crops.
Genetically Engineered Plants (GEPs) as the product of modern technology requires an excellent management strategies especially
for the biosafety of the products before being released to commercialized to the public. This study aims determine the policy
priorities in making the right decisions in order to GEPs management could be more effective and sustainable while reducing the side
effects of this technology to the environment and human health. System analysis approach to take decisions using the Analytical
Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Interpretative Structural Modeling (ISM). The outputs of possible policy making based on expert
justifications were divided into four (4) levels, i.e.: Focus, Factor, Criteria and Alternative way level. The synthesized of experts
justifications on environmental, economic, social and technological factors, give a nearly equal (
eigen)
values to the previous four
levels, so they are concluded in having the same priority in managing of GEPs. The gene flow of GEPs to non GEPs was the most
important element to be considered with the eigen values 0.278. The increase of farmer’s income with eigen values 0.358 is
considered as the most important criteria of economic factor. GEPs safety to human health (0.464) is the preferred social elements.
Last but not least, the human resource capability in doing biosafety test (0.580) was the most important criteria for the technology
factor. Based on the alternatives compiled by the experts,
law enforcement
elements of the rules must be done by 0.187 eigen values-
compared with other alternatives. Also based on ISM (Interpretative Structural Modeling) quadrant matrix, alternative elements are
scattered into three quadrants; dependence, linkage and independent.
Keywords
Genetically Engineered Products (GEPs); Biosafety; Environmental safety; AHP; ISM
Introduction
The agricultural sector in Indonesia is an important in
developing strategy, because it is able to provide a big
amount of job occasions and become the main source
of income in rural areas. Besides, it is also being the
source supply for national food security. This sector
also gives contributions to the national economy gains
with approximation score 20% (Mitchell et al. 2007).
However this sector is very vulnerable to the climate
change and its variability. Global warming and
extreme climate change have affected the quality and
quantity of agricultural production. Global climate
change is believed to be one of the factors that cause
the decreasing of agricultural products (Shah et al.
2011). Temperature factor is one that provides a real
impact on agricultural production, which is predicted
in the last 21st century there will be a decline in world
rice production by 41% (Ceccarelli et al
.
2010).
Although the conventionally improving of agricultural
quality can raise the quality and quantity of Indonesia
agricultural products, but this system is no longer
tenable because the limited sources of genes needed
by plants to overdue the environmental stresses,
become more complex (Manshardt 2004). Like the
resistance to pests and diseases, they are one trait that
is not found in every plant, so it requires a
technological breakthrough that can use of the gen
sources of other individual both same and different
type of itself. One of technique used is the genetic
modifying technology that can move some certain
properties from an individual to another, even though
