International Journal of Aquaculture, 2018, Vol.8, No.11, 77-89
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There were no significant differences in the Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate among treatments (Figure 5). This
agrees with Gabriel and Ugbomeh (2016) who after exposing
Clarias gariepinus
to different concentrations of
Cypermethrin reported that the increase in the herbicide concentration might have affected the blood constituent
which led to haemodilution. However, abnormalities observed in blood parameters of fish subjected to
2, 4-Dimethyl Amine or toxins, as recorded in this study, resulting to a decrease in values lower than the control
indicates an anaemic condition. Gabriel and Ugbomeh (2016) stated that anaemic conditions could be as a result
of inhibition of erythropoiesis, haemosynthesis and increase in the rate of erythrocyte destruction in
haematopoietic organs.
There were no significant differences in the values of RBC, Haemoglobin, Heamatocrit and MCV with increase in
concentration of 2, 4-Dimethyl Amine (Figure 7; Figure 10; Figure 11). The result evidentially showed that
increase in Haematocrit led to corresponding increase in the Haemoglobin content as well. Observable decline
was recorded in the values of MCH and MCHC when compared with the control, with increase in time and
concentration of 2, 4-Dimethyl Amine (Figure 9; Figure 11).
The decline in the values of Haemoglobin level in the present study could be an indication of a reduction in
haemoglobin synthesis. Yekeen and Fawole (2011) observed reduction in haemoglobin when they exposed
Clarias gariepinus
to endosulfan. Reduction in the Haemoglobin level leads to a reduction in the oxygen carrying
capacity. Endosulfan, according to them, may have interfered with haemoglobin synthesis pathway.
Polycythemia may be caused by hypoxia or splenic contraction in excited animals or those that have been
exercised (Akinwole and Oguntuga, 2014).
The Albumin level (Figure 12) reduced apparently in fish treated with 2, 4-Dimethyl Amine when compared with
those in control but were not significantly different. Akinwole and Oguntuga (2014) observed progressive
decrease across treatments and attributed such reduction to their possible utilization for metabolic purpose. They
also stated that reduction could be attributed to cells destruction and subsequently resulting to damage in the
protein synthesis machinery.
Figure 13 and Figure 14 showed that the platelets were reducing in both population and corpuscle size with
increase in concentration of the herbicide. It is deducible that this herbicide can render the fish’s blood incapable
not listed in reference list of clotting (Akinwole et al., 2014). Gabriel and Ugbomeh (2016) had a similar report
when
Clarias gariepinus
were exposed to different concentrations of Cypermethrin. According to their report,
reductions in platelet numbers with time of exposure suggest interference between the chemical and
thrombocytopoiesis in the bone marrow.
Figure 13 Albumin level in blood of
Clarias gariepinus
sub-adult exposed to 2, 4-Dimethyl Amine
Note: There were no significant differences between the means (α = 0.05)
0
0.05
0.1
0.15
0.2
0.25
0.3
0.35
0.4
0.45
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Albumin (g/dl)
Conc. of 2, 4-Dimethyl Amine (mg/L)
