International Journal of Aquaculture, 2016, Vol.6, No.2, 1
-
9
1
Research Article Open Access
In Vivo Evaluation of Indigenous Enterococci Strains on Biometrical
Parameters of
Piaractus mesopotamicus
Embryos and Larvae
Guidoli M.G.
1,2,3
,
Hernández D.Q.
1
, Boehringer S.I.
2
, Sánchez S.
1
, Nader-Macías M.E.F.
3,
1 Instituto de Ictiología del Nordeste, Argentina
2 Cátedra de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del Nordeste, Argentina
3 Centro de Referencia de Lactobacilos, Argentina
Corresponding author Email:
International Journal of Aquaculture, 2016, Vol.6, No.2 doi:
10.5376/ija.2016.06.0002
Received: 19 Mar., 2016
Accepted: 29 Apr., 2016
Published: 05 May, 2016
Copyright © 2016
Guidoli et al., This is an open access article published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits
unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Preferred citation for this article
:
Guidoli M.G.,
Hernández D.Q., Boehringer S.I., Sánchez S. and Nader-Macías M.E.F.,
2016, In Vivo Evaluation of Indigenous Enterococci Strains on
Biometrical Parameters of
Piaractus mesopotamicus
Embryos and Larvae, 6(2): 1-9 (doi:
10.5376/ija.2016.06.0002
)
Abstract
The use of autochthonous microorganisms as probiotics is a novel and promising alternative for the preventive application
of antibiotics. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are one of the most successfully microorganisms used as probiotics and applied in different
niches. The aquaculture of Piaractus mesopotamicus in Northern Argentina has increased exponentially, but the use of this native
species in production systems led to a deficit in the availability of larvae for breeding and fattening. The objective of the present
study was to evaluate the effect of the addition of two different formulae containing autochthonous beneficial LAB strains on the
survival, mean weight and biomass of larvae under laboratory intensive breeding. Results indicate that the bacterial administration
does not cause any significant effect on the variables evaluated. However, statistical analysis showed a tendency of the 6x107 CFU
L-1 dose of one of the formula to stimulate an increase of mean weight and biomass. On the other hand, the average values of
biometrical parameters obtained with the second formula, indicate that the optimum dose is 6x104 CFU L-1. These results and the
histological confirmation of the harmfulness of the strains, allowed us to select these doses for their use in a combined probiotic
mixture to be tested in future assays.
Keywords
Aquaculture; Beneficial effects;
Enterococcus faecium
; Larvae,
Pediococcus acidilactici
;
Piaractus mesopotamicus
;
Probiotics
1 Introduction
The use of native species in the aquaculture of Northeastern Argentina had shown an increased productivity,
allowing their predominance in the National fish production chart.
Piaractus mesopotamicus
is the most
cultivated specie in this region and the most farmed fish in the country since 2012 (Dirección de Acuicultura,
2013), with 2 017.45 tons produced in 2013, representing a 52.22% of the Argentinian aquaculture production
(Dirección de Acuicultura 2014). The inclusion of indigenous fishes indicates an advantage supported by their
resistance to the environmental conditions. However, they were not deeply studied, leaving gaps in some critical
issues such as animal development, behavior, nutritional requirements and susceptible diseases. These facts and
the high demand of larvae, juveniles and sexually mature adults, generated a deficit in the number of animals
available. Thus, the requirement of techniques aimed to increase the production in aquaculture facilities becomes a
gap in the area. Antibiotics are one of the applied strategies, used as growing factors, anti-infectious agents and
also for tranquilization (FDA, 1998; Serrano, 2005). However, the European Union (EU), under the European
Food Safety Authority (EFSA), have regulated the use of additives in animal feeding and prohibited antibiotics as
additives in foods (EFSA, 2008). These regulations are now applied in most of the continents, supported mainly
by various items: resistance transference (FAO/NACA/WHO, 1997), toxicity of residues (SOU, 1997), allergies
and effects on human intestinal microbiota (Serrano, 2005) and environmental risks (EC, 1996). Although
expected, these regulations have generated an urgent problem with many difficulties to solve: the search of more
extensive production systems without the requirement of using additives, and/or the application of natural, novel
and safe products to get similar results to those previously obtained with antibiotics.
