International Journal of Aquaculture, 2016, Vol.6, No.15, 1
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4
Organosomatic and Histopathological study
Histopathological analysis was carried out following method of Roberts (1978): The following organs such as
brain, liver, kidney, heart, and gill, intestine were dissected from the fish and placed in the sample bottles, 10%
formalin was added to prevent tissue degeneration and labeled accordingly. Further analysis of the organs were
carried out using Masson’s trichrome with Hematoxylin Eosin and Saffron (HES) stain on the organs to examine
the general morphology. The tissues were examined in a Tecnal G2 Brotwin (FER) electron microscope using an
accelerated voltage of 100kv. The magnification was taken at 400X as reported by Adewole (2016).
Statistical analysis
:
The data generated were analyzed statistically using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) at (α
0.05
) and descriptive
statistics following Statistical Analysis System software (SAS, 2008) model. The significant treatment means
were compared using Duncan’s multiple range test (DMRT) of the same software.
3 Results
The fish fed the experimental diets did utilize the feeds at the varying levels, thus leading to the significant
variations in some of the growth parameters recorded: Total final weight (TFW) attained ranged from 601.57 ±
21.23 g to 1 026.87 ±57.19 g. The highest value was from fish fed AMX2 diet and the lowest value was from the
fish fed the control diet. The fish fed the control diet was significantly lower (p < 0.05) in total final weight
attained compared to other diets. There was no significant difference in the TFW recorded between the fish fed
AMX2 and AMX3 diet (Table 2).
Table 2 Growth performance, nutrient utilization and survival rate of
Clarias gariepinus
fed Amoxicillin meal diets (AMX’s)
PARAMETERS
AMX1
AMX2
AMX3
Initial total weight (g)
218.67 ±0.44
218.67 ±0.44
218.67 ±0.44
Mean initial weight (g/fish)
10.94 ±0.02
10.94 ±0.02
10.94 ±0.02
Total final weight (g)
601.57 ±21.23
b
1 026.87 ±57.19
a
1 017.92 ±105.81
a
Mean final weight (g/fish)
37.60 ±1.33
b
57.05 ±3.18
a
59.88 ±6.22
a
Total weight gain (g)
382.90 ±20.80
b
808.20 ±57.62
a
799.25 ±105.38
a
Mean weight gain (g/fish)
23.93 ±1.30
b
44.89 ±3.12
a
47.02 ±6.20
a
Specific growth rate (%/day)
0.52 ±0.02
b
0.80 ±0.03
a
0.79 ±0.06
a
Relative growth rate (%/fish)
175.07 ±9.18
b
369.71 ±27.08
a
365.32 ±47.46
a
Initial condition factor
0.48 ±0.01
b
0.59 ±0.01
a
0.58 ±0.02
a
Final condition factor
0.60 ±0.03
a
0.70 ±0.09
a
0.78 ±0.03
a
Total feed intake
1 701.18 ±27.69
b
2 260.55 ±7.35
a
2 362.95 ±64.19
a
Mean feed intake
106.32 ±1.73
c
125.65 ±0.46
b
138.00 ±3.01
a
Total protein intake
707.35 ±11.51
c
923.21 ±3.00
b
996.69 ±27.08
a
Mean protein intake
44.21 ±0.72
c
51.29 ±0.17
b
58.63 ±1.59
a
Feed conversion ratio
4.44 ±0.07
a
2.80 ±0.01
b
2.96 ±0.08
b
Protein efficiency ratio
0.54 ±0.01
c
0.87 ±0.00
a
0.80 ±0.02
a
Number cropped
16.00 ±0.00
c
18.00 ±0.00
a
17.00 ±0.00
b
Survival (%)
80.00 ±0.00
c
90.00 ±0.00
a
85.00 ±0.00
b
Note: Values with different superscripts in each row are significantly different (P > 0.05)
Mean final weight (MFW), total weight gain (TWG), mean weight gain (MWG), specific growth rate (SGR),
relative growth rate (RGR) all ranged from (37.60 ±1.33 g to 59.88 ±6.22 g, 382.90 ±20.80 g to 808.20 ±57.62
g, 23.93 ±1.30 to 56.39 ±1.71 g, 0.52 ±0.02 to 0.80 ±0.03% / day). The highest MFW and TWG values from
the fish fed AMX3 and AMX2 diets respectively were significantly different (p < 0.05) from the fish fed AMX1
diet, while the lowest value was from the fish fed (AMX1) control diet (Table 2). The highest MWG value of
47.02 ±6.20 g was from fish fed AMX3 diet, the lowest value of 23.93 ±1.30 g was from fish fed the control diet.
The fish fed the control diet had significantly lower (p < 0.05) MWG compared to other diets. There was no
significant difference in the MWG of fish fed AMX2 and AMX3 diets. Highest SGR value of 0.80% / day was
