Bioscience Methods 2015, Vol.6, No.3, 1-9
5
in vitro
condition. It was observed that growth of
pathogenic fungi was reduced with respect to radial growth
and sporulation. The mycelium of
Trichoderma
species
when comes in contact with the test fungi it became
fungistatic and the growth of test fungi were retarded
(Table 3 & Figure 2).
Table 3: Antagonistic activity of
Trichoderma
species against pathogenic fungi.
Sr. No. Treatments
%Antagonism
At
Rs
An
Gc
Fo
Mp
1
T. viride
73.3(86.7)
51.1(59.1)
44.4(50.2)
74.4(87.8)
55.5(64.2)
84.4(97.4)
2
T. harzianum
90.4(97.5)
38.8(42.6)
54.4(62.9)
61.1(71.5)
66.6(78.7)
83.3(96.4)
3
T. konongii
77.7(91.1)
67.7(79.5)
57.7(66.8)
66.7(78.6)
61.1(71.5)
55.5(64.2)
4
T. pseudokoningii
71.1(84.4)
44.4(50.2)
42.2(47.2)
72.2(85.5)
62.2(72.8)
81.1(94.7)
5
T. virens
74.4(87.8)
46.6(52.7)
44.4(50.2)
68.9(81.1)
70.0(82.7)
57.7(66.8)
6
Control (mm)
90
Note: At-
Alternaria alternata
, Rs-
Rhizoctonia solani
, An-
Aspergillus niger
, Gc-
Geotrichum candidum
, Fo-
Fusarium oxysporum
f. sp.
spinacae
, Mp-
Macrophomina phaseolina
a.
Alternaria alternata:
Results indicated that
Trichoderma
species significantly inhibited the
radial growth of
Alternaria alternata
incitant of
leaf spot of brinjal (
Solanum melangona
).
Maximum inhibition of
A. alternata
was observed
with
T. harzianum
(90.4%) followed by
T. koningii
(77.7%),
T. virens
(74.4%) and
T. viride
(73.3%).
However, minimum inhibition showed under the
treatment of
T. psudokoningii
(71.1%).
b.
Rhizoctonia solani:
Antagonisitic nature of
Trichoderma
species against
Rhizoctonia solani
causing fruit rot of sapota (
Manilkar zapota
) was
recorded. The radial growth of
R. solani
was
inhibited more by
T. koningii
(67.7%). Antagonism
of
R. solani
was also showed by
T. viride
(51.1%),
T. virens
(46.6%) and
T. pseudokoningii
(44.4%).
Trichoderma harzianum
showed minimum
antagonism against
R. solani
(38.8%).
c.
Aspergillus niger:
Antagonistic activity of isolated
Trichoderma
species against
Aspergillus niger
were evaluated under
in vitro
condition and results
were recorded.
Trichoderma koningii
exhibited
maximum antagonism against
A. niger
(57.7%).
However,
T. harzianum
also showed antagonism
against
A. niger
(54.4%). Radial growth of
A. niger
was also inhibited by
T. viride
(44.4%),
T. virens
(44.4%) and
T. pseudokoningii
(42.2%). It was
observed that the isolated
Trichoderma
species
showed moderate inhibitory effect over
A. niger.
d.
Geotrichum candidum:
Results revealed that
antagonistic effect of
Trichoderma
species over
Geotrichum candidum
causal agent of fruit rot of
sapota (
Manilkar zapota
). Maximum inhibition
against
G. candidum
was recorded by
T. viride
(74.4%), followed by
T. pseudokoningii
(72.2%),
T.
virens
(68.9%),
T. koningii
(66.7%) and
T.
harzianum
(61.1%). The isolated
Trichoderma
species exhibited significant antagonism against
G.
candidum
.
e.
Fusarium oxysporum
f. sp.
spinacae:
In vitro
antagonistic nature of
Trichoderma
species against
Fusarium oxysporum
f. sp.
spinacae
causal agent
of wilt of spinach (
Spinacea oleracea
) was tested.
It was cleared that
Trichoderma
species inhibited
the mycelial growth of
F. oxysporum
f. sp.
spinacae
. Among
Trichoderma
species, maximum
inhibition showed by
T. virens
(70.0%) followed by
T. harzianum
(66.6%).
T. pseudokoningii
(62.2%)
and
T. viride
(55.5%).
f.
Macrophomina phaseolina:
Antagonistic effect of
Trichoderma
species against
Macrophomina
phaseolina
incited fruit rot of ivy guard (
Coccinia
indica
) was recorded and the results showed that
Trichoderma
species were significant in reducing
the radial growth of mycelium of the test fungus.
The inhibitory effect of
T. viride
(84.4%) found
maximum followed by
T. harzianum
(83.3%) and
T.
pseudokoningii
(81.1%). The antagonistic effects
