Molecular Pathogens, 2025, Vol.16, No.3, 134-146 http://microbescipublisher.com/index.php/mp 141 devices, pay attention to the layout density and timing: Generally, borer traps are 1~2 sets per mu, with a height slightly higher than the cane tips. They are arranged in place before the peak of adult feathering to maximize the capture of initial pests entering the field. The trapping device needs to be inspected and cleaned regularly, and the lure core and lure liquid are replaced in time to maintain the sustainability of the trapping effect. 6.2 Application of insect prevention nets and sunshade nets in specific pests Physical barriers such as insect-proof nets can prevent pests from invading crops. In sugarcane production, it is not realistic to cover the insect-proof net in the field, but in the seedling breeding process such as sugarcane nurseries and tissue culture rapid breeding bases, the insect-proof net has played a role. For example, building insect-proof net sheds in sugarcane detoxification nurseries can prevent poisonous vector insects such as aphids and reduce the risk of infection of sugarcane mosaic virus. It is reported that the virus toxicity rate of sugarcane healthy seedlings cultivated with dense mesh sheds can be reduced to almost zero, while open-field seedlings are often reinfected by aphids during the growth period. In some areas in the south where young sugarcane buds are susceptible to grubs and slugs, simple gauze fences are used locally to protect the newly planted can also play a certain physical barrier role. Sunshading nets are mainly used to regulate microclimate and light, thereby indirectly affecting pest behavior. Appropriate coverage of the sunshade net during the sugarcane seedling stage can reduce the strong light and temperature peaks and avoid the large number of pests such as planthoppers and thrips that prefer high temperature light (Nordey et al., 2020). At the same time, the sunshade net reduces ultraviolet radiation, which is also beneficial for controlling certain sunburn-induced diseases. Of course, the coverage density of the sunshade net should be moderate to avoid affecting photosynthesis. Physical barriers can also be used to isolate specific insect sources in sugar cane fields. Setting up a fence around the sugarcane germplasm resource garden can prevent external borers from flying in and protect precious germplasm from pests (Giannoulis et al., 2021). 6.3 The current development status of light trapping technology It has a long history of using insect phototaxis to lure and kill in agriculture. With the development of new light sources and intelligent control technologies, the role of lighting trapping and killing in large-scale pest control is becoming increasingly prominent. In sugarcane planting areas, insect luring lamps are often used to lure and kill moth pests and certain flying adults that are active at night. For example, high-pressure mercury lamps and black light lamps have a strong inducing effect on sugarcane borers. In many sugarcane areas, an insecticide lamp is set up at a certain distance during the borers' season to lure the adults into electricity or drown. The study pointed out that compared with traditional incandescent lamps, 365 nm wavelength black light lamps have higher cavitation efficiency on adults such as sugarcane borer and other nocturnal moths. LED light sources that have emerged in recent years are gradually being used in insect-attracting equipment due to their narrow spectrum and low energy consumption. Some experiments have tried to use LED combinations of specific wavelengths to lure sugarcane moths, and the results show that the best inducement of sugarcane borer is near the peak wavelength of 368 nm (Savchuk and Smolin, 2022). In order to improve the coverage of field insect temptation lamps, solar-powered high-altitude insect temptation lamps have been developed to lure adults on a larger scale. At present, Guangxi, Yunnan and other places have promoted solar insecticidal lamps for pest control such as sugarcane borers and planthoppers, and the control area of a single lamp can reach more than 20 mu. According to statistics, a total of tens of thousands of insecticide lamps of various types can be installed in the sugarcane area in Guangxi, which can lure and kill hundreds of millions of sugarcane pests every year, effectively lowering the base of insect sources. 7 Breeding and Promotion of Resistance Varieties 7.1 Screening and genetic basis of disease and pest-resistant varieties Relying on the varieties' own disease and pest resistance to reduce harm is one of the most cost-effective prevention and control strategies. The genetic background of sugar cane is complex, but some important resistance traits have a genetic basis and can be used through breeding. Resistance to sugarcane smut has been shown to be related to multiple gene loci. Breeders screened about 56% of the lines through the evaluation of natural resistance
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