International Journal of Molecular Medical Science, 2025, Vol.15, No.4, 195-204 http://medscipublisher.com/index.php/ijmms 198 advantages (Savry et al., 2005; Rugeri et al., 2007; French Fries, 2011; Krzych and Czempik, 2017; Smart et al., 2017; Swathi and Krishnamurti, 2021; Dang et al., 2022). Figure 1 Correlations between ROTEM parameters and standard coagulation tests (PT %, aPTT %, fibrinogen, and platelet counts) (Adopted from Dang et al., 2022) Image caption: Correlations between (a) EXTEM CT and PT % on admission, (b) INTEM CT and aPTT on admission, (c) FIBTEM MCF and fibrinogen level on admission, and (d) EXTEM MCF and platelet count on admission; PT, prothrombin time; aPTT, activated partial thromboplastin time; CT, clotting time; EXTEM, extrinsic rotational thromboelastometry; INTEM, intrinsic rotational thromboelastometry; FIBTEM, fibrin-based rotational thromboelastometry; MCF, maximum clot firmness; ROTEM, rotational thromboelastometry (Adopted from Dang et al., 2022) 4.4 Standards and precautions for nurses' coagulation monitoring operations Nurses play a crucial role in coagulation monitoring. From accurately collecting the specimens required for laboratory tests to operating and interpreting on-site nursing equipment such as TEG and ROTEM, all require the participation of nurses. Strict adherence to the blood collection process, timely transportation of specimens and correct handling are crucial for ensuring accurate results and avoiding errors before testing (Lippi and Guidi, 2004). For dynamic monitoring, nurses must receive equipment operation training, be able to identify abnormal conditions, and promptly inform the clinical team of the discovered problems to ensure that rapid intervention measures can be taken when coagulation dysfunction or bleeding occurs (French Fries, 2011; Swathi and Krishnamurti, 2021; Dang et al., 2022). 5 The Effect of Early Intervention on the Prognosis of Patients 5.1 The role of early hemostasis and timely monitoring in reducing mortality Early hemostasis and timely coagulation monitoring are the keys to reducing the risk of death in trauma patients. Rapid control of bleeding, coupled with early detection and treatment of coagulation disorders, can directly address the preventable mortality caused by traumatic bleeding and traumatic coagulation disorders (Mitra et al., 2012; Maegele, 2018; Schmulevich et al., 2024). Multiple studies have consistently shown that early intervention measures, such as the use of balanced blood transfusion regimens and timely application of hemostatic drugs, can improve the survival rate of patients, especially for those with severe bleeding or coagulation problems (Duchesne et al., 2009). Timely monitoring through traditional laboratory tests and on-site viscoelastic analysis during care enables doctors to formulate intervention plans suitable for patients based on changes in their coagulation status. This
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