Cancer Genetics and Epigenetics, 2025, Vol.13, No.2, 90-97 http://medscipublisher.com/index.php/cge 93 3.4 Risk of residual or metastatic cancer cells Endoscopic surgery may have the risk of residual cancer cells. Studies show that the recurrence rate of patients undergoing this type of surgery is relatively high, which may be related to incomplete tumor resection. Patients with tumor diameters exceeding 2 cm have a higher risk of recurrence (Obermaair et al., 2020; Casarin et al., 2020; Han et al., 2023). Preoperative conization can reduce the recurrence risk of patients with small tumors. Strict screening of patients and proper preoperative planning can help reduce the residue of cancer cells. 4 Intraoperative Risk Management Strategies 4.1 Preoperative assessment of multi-disciplinary collaboration Detailed preoperative assessment is very important for identifying the risk factors of patients and improving the surgical outcome. A team composed of gynecologists, anesthesiologists and radiologists selects the best surgical plan for patients by analyzing data such as tumor conditions and underlying diseases (Cibula et al., 2020; Schmeler et al., 2021). Teamwork can predict risks such as bleeding and organ damage in advance and formulate personalized care plans. Multidisciplinary discussions are helpful for formulating scientific plans, such as preoperative chemotherapy or small-scale surgeries for low-risk patients. When lymphatic metastasis is detected during the operation, the chemoradiotherapy regimen should be promptly switched. This mode not only ensures the therapeutic effect but also improves the quality of life of patients. 4.2 Minimally invasive surgical methods and neuroprotection Compared with traditional open abdominal surgery, endoscopic and robotic surgeries can reduce problems such as postoperative infection and lymphedema (Li et al., 2021; Zheng et al., 2022). Combined with neuroprotective operations, the risks such as urinary dysfunction can be reduced. However, it should be noted that endoscopic surgery may increase the probability of bladder and intestinal injuries, and cases need to be strictly screened and experienced doctors selected (Guo and Wu, 2024). Innovative technologies such as the "contactless operation method" effectively reduce the risk of cancer cell spread by reducing tumor contact and using protective equipment (Kanao et al., 2019; Chiva et al., 2020). The rational application of these techniques can enhance the safety of minimally invasive surgeries. 4.3 Bleeding control and emergency response plan For high-risk patients (such as those in the advanced stage, obese or undergoing open abdominal surgery), preparations for blood transfusion should be made before the operation and hemostasis measures should be taken (Chiva et al., 2020; Schmeler et al., 2021). During the operation, fine hemostasis techniques were adopted and used in combination with electrocoagulation equipment. Emergency plans need to be formulated and practiced in advance to ensure a rapid response in case of sudden massive hemorrhage. Including adequate blood sources and clear personnel division of labor, these measures can significantly improve the safety of surgery (Chiva et al., 2020; Schmeler et al., 2021). 4.4 Implementation of real-time intraoperative monitoring Real-time intraoperative monitoring, such as neuro-monitoring and electrophysiological monitoring, plays a vital role in reducing the risk of nerve injury and other complications during cervical cancer surgery. These technologies allow for the identification and preservation of critical structures, particularly during nerve-sparing procedures, thereby decreasing the incidence of postoperative dysfunction (Li et al., 2021). Continuous monitoring also facilitates immediate detection of adverse events, enabling prompt intervention and minimizing long-term sequelae. The integration of advanced monitoring techniques into surgical practice reflects a commitment to patient safety and the ongoing evolution of intraoperative risk management in cervical cancer care (Li et al., 2021). 5 Key Intervention Measures for Postoperative Recovery 5.1 Application of the rapid recovery program The rapid recovery program effectively shortens the postoperative recovery period through a systematic multi-disciplinary collaboration model. This plan can accelerate the exhaust and defecation time of patients, shorten the number of bedridden days and the length of hospital stay. Data show that patients had their urinary
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