Cancer Genetics and Epigenetics, 2025, Vol.13, No.2, 62-76 http://medscipublisher.com/index.php/cge 73 Although many achievements have been made, there are still many difficulties in applying the discoveries of genetic research to treating diseases. The conditions of each patient with EAC are very different, and the genetic changes are also very complex. More research is needed to find the body signals and treatment targets that are useful for treating diseases. Future research should combine different types of genetic information and use useful data analysis tools to gain a deeper understanding of how EAC is obtained. Only in this way can we ultimately achieve tailor-made treatment for each patient, making the treatment effect better and allowing patients to live longer. Acknowledgments We extend our thanks to the two anonymous peer reviewers for their valuable feedback on this manuscript. Conflict of Interest Disclosure The authors affirm that this research was conducted without any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. 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