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Molecular Entomology
14
Table 4 Oviposition, adult emergence and reduction in progeny development (IR) of adult
C. maculatus
in cowpea seeds treated with
0.3 v/w extract of
A. boonei
obtained by Kneading method after 30, 60 and 90 days post-treatment
Days
0.3 v/w extract of
A. boonei
Mean number of eggs laid
% adult emergence
% IR
Leaf
7.75±0.85a
12.90±1.20b
94.74±0.83e
Stem bark
6.00±0.91a
0.00±0.00a
100.00±0.00e
Root
9.75±0.85a
41.02±0.93c
78.95±0.97d
30
Control
24.50±1.23c
77.55±0.61e
0.00±0.00a
Leaf
9.25±1.70a
43.24±0.45c
77.78±0.81cd
Stem bark
6.75±0.85a
0.00±0.00a
100.00±0.00e
Root
12.50±1.23ab
48.00±0.91cd
66.67±1.25bc
60
Control
22.50±1.23bc
80.00±4.08e
0.00±0.00a
Leaf
10.75±0.85a
46.51±0.61cd
75.00±0.91c
Stem bark
8.50±1.23a
11.77±1.12b
95.00±2.89e
Root
14.50±1.23abc
55.17±0.32d
60.00±4.08b
90
Control
24.00±0.91c
83.33±4.45e
0.00±0.00a
Note: Each value is a mean + standard error of four replicates; Means followed by the same letter along the column are not
significantly different (P>0.05) using New Duncan Multiple Range Test
Table 5 Percentage seeds damaged, weigh loss and Beetle Perforation Index caused by
C. maculatus
in cowpea seeds treated with 0.3
v/w extract of
A. boonei
obtained by Kneading method
0.3 v/w extract of
A. boonei
Mean total number
of cowpea seeds
Mean number of
damaged cowpea
seeds
Mean % cowpea
seeds damaged
Mean % weight
loss
*Beetle perforation
Index (BPI)
Leaf
93.75
1.00
1.07±0.40a
3.04±0.43ab
1.42±0.40a
Stem bark
94.00
0.00
0.00±0.00a
0.00±0.00a
0.00±0.00a
Root
95.25
3.25
3.41±1.20a
6.14±0.46b
4.51±1.91a
Control
93.00
70.25
75.54±1.95b
74.65±0.71c
50.00±5.79b
Note: Each value is a mean + standard error of four replicates; Means followed by the same letter along the column are not
significantly different (P>0.05) using New Duncan Multiple Range Test;
*
Beetle Perforation Index (BPI); Value lower than 50 is an
index of positive protectant effect while BPI greater than 50 is an index of negative protectantability
Table 6 Percentage seeds damaged, weigh loss and Beetle Perforation Index caused by
C. maculatus
in cowpea seeds treated with 0.3
v/w extract of
A. boonei
obtained by Kneading method after 30, 60 and 90 days of post-treatment
Days
0.3 v/w extract
of
A. boonei
Mean total number
of cowpea seeds
Mean number of
damaged cowpea
seeds
Mean % cowpea
seeds damaged
Mean %
weight loss
*Beetle
perforation index
(BPI)
Leaf
94.75
1.50
1.58±1.19ab 3.67±1.25ab
7.61±0.62b
Stembark
94.00
0.00
0.00±0.00a
0.00±0.00a
0.00±0.00a
Root
95.25
4.25
4.46±1.17ab 7.89±1.22b
21.49±1.63c
30
Control
94.00
19.50
20.75±0.85d
64.27±1.43c
50.00±5.79f
Leaf
93.25
4.00
4.29±1.40b
7.61±0.58b
22.34±1.44c
Stem bark
94.00
0.00
0.00±0.00a
0.00±0.00a
0.00±0.00a
Root
95.00
6.75
7.11±0.56b
9.06±0.70b
37.03±0.69d
60
Control
93.75
18.00
19.20±1.40cd 63.63±0.61c
50.00±5.79f
Leaf
92.75
5.25
5.66±1.25b
7.87±1.19b
26.02±0.73c
Stem bark
95.00
1.75
1.84±1.30ab 3.94±0.97ab
8.43±1.14b
Root
94.25
8.50
9.02±0.72bc 10.07±0.54b
41.30±1.41df
90
Control
95.00
20.75
21.84±0.81d
65.12±0.63c
50.00±5.79f
Note: Each value is a mean + standard error of four replicates; Means followed by the same letter along the column are not
significantly different (P>0.05) using New Duncan Multiple Range Test;
*
Beetle Perforation Index (BPI); Value lower than 50 is an
index of positive protectant effect while BPI greater than 50 is an index of negative protectability
weight loss and Beetle Perforation Index of the
untreated cowpea seeds was significantly (P<0.05)
reduced compared with the treated seeds.
3 Discussion
Previous studies by Ileke and Oni (2011); Ileke et al.
(2012); Ileke et al. (2013); Ileke et al. (2014) have