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杨晓蕾和谢天
:
分配正义研究的理论、方法与评价
9
化自己对最初的、自发的观点的坚持。因此，在今
后的研究中，我们可以尝试采用群体决策的方式，
即由大于等于两位被试共同协商得出分配结果，来
研究中国人的分配倾向。此外，采用匿名决策的方
式也是克服面子心理的另外一种方式。社会心理学
有研究显示，当人们必须面对他人做反应时，会比
私下里回答问题展现出更大的社会称许性。也就是
说，如果人们能够以匿名的方式来进行分配决策，
那么他们因为面子上过不去才选择分配更多资源
或酬劳给合作者的可能性就会大大减小。
目前，很多学者都从集体
—
个人主义的角度出
发解释分配中出现的文化差异。但正如上文所说，
集体主义和个人主义是一个相对的概念，个体在不
同的情境下会表现出不同的倾向。在
Markus
和
Kitayama
(1991)
提出了独立我和相依我的概念之后，
已有学者开始从这一角度出发去解释文化差异，但
是并不多。在今后的研究中，各学者也可以尝试多
从这一角度去分析和解释。
此外，在上文中提到了
有关贡献量的比例设置问题，即当贡献量差异的大
小不同时，被试作出的分配结果是不一样的。在今
后，研究者可以尝试探讨贡献量差异的大小与分配
原则之间的关系。
作者贡献
作者杨晓蕾主要负责前期文献搜集和阅读、论
文题目的选定、文章架构的建立以及参考文献的整理。
谢天主要负责论文思路的指导以及修改意见
.
参考文献
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