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Bioscience Methods, 2012, Vol. 3, No.6, 41-42
http://bm.sophiapublisher.com
41
A Letter Open Access
Using of ELISA in Diagnosis of Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus, a
Case Report
Saged Hasan
Department of Microbiology, Veterinary Faculty, ALEPPO University, Syria
Corresponding author email: sagedhasan@hotmail.com
Bioscience Methods, 2012, Vol.3, No.6 doi: 10.5376/bm.2012.03.0006
Received: 12 Jun., 2012
Accepted: 29 Jun., 2012
Published: 16 Jul., 2012
This is an open access article published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction
in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Preferred citation for this article:
Hasan, 2012, Using of ELISA in Diagnosis of Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus, a Case Report, Bioscience Methods, Vol.3, No.5 41-42 (doi:
10.5376/10.5376/bm.2012.03.0006)
Abstract
This report is a case of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) witch observed in a tourist woman in Istanbul.
The
patient presented with chills and abdominal pain. For this blood sample has been collected at the onset of the disease and tested for
CCHFV antigen by using
Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). In result, antigen positive has been determined and the
patient was found to be positive for CCHFV by ELISA.
Keywords
CCHFV; ELISA; Istanbul; Case report
Introduction
Crimean Congo haemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV),
is a member of the genus Nairovirus
and Bunyaviridae
family. Crimean Congo haemorrhagic fever
(CCHF)
is one of a group of arthropod-borne viral diseases
producing acute, sometimes fatal febrile and
hemorrhagic symptoms. Initially involving the
nervous system, disease may in severe cases progress
to vascular disorders such as profuse diapedesis
hemorrhages, brain edema, general malaise, and
ultimately cardiac arrest
(Wilson
et al., 1990). The
major transmission of the virus is mediated by
Hyalomma ticks; it can also be transmitted by
squashing ticks, contact with contaminated secretions,
blood and sera of patients and viremic animals
(Swanepoel et al., 1987; Bosan et al., 2000; Burt et
al., 1997; Whitehouse, 2004; Chinikar et al., 2004;
Papa et al., 2004). Health workers, relatives of
CCHF patients, people working with animals and
animal products (shepherds, animal care workers,
veterinarians and slaughterhouse workers) and people
that had tick bites in CCHF endemic areas are under
high risk of being infected by CCHF. Serious endemic
CCHF outbreaks have been reported in countries from
Europe, Asia and Africa (Whitehouse, 2004; Flick and
Whitehouse, 2005; Papa et al., 2004).
1 Case report
The disease started on July 12, 2008, a 22-year-old
tourist woman, presented at a local health outlet with
high grade fever accompanied with chills, severe
headache, dizziness, photophobia, neck pain, myalgia
and arthragia.
In the first examination, her vital signs included a high
body temperature of 40
℃
. Two days later, she
developed gastrointestinal symptoms including nausea,
vomiting, non-bloodily diarrhea and abdominal pain.
2 Results
Regression analysis was performed on the optical
density (OD) data of
sera, the OD of sample were
above 0.40 and considered as a strong positive (++).
3 Discussion
Endemic outbreaks of CCHF have been reported in
Turkey between 2002 and 2008 with averages of 5%
mortality (Carhan et al., 2008). Seroprevalence of
Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) in risk
groups was carried out
in Tokat Province of Turkey
(2006-2007). Researchers reported 41 cases of CCHF
with one death in July 2005 in Turkey's Yozgat
Province, and 50 death cases were reported in
Turkey in August 2008 due to CCHF. According to
Ministry of Health of Turkey 3 128 Crimean–Congo
hemorrhagic fever cases were observed between 2002
and 2008. In Kosovo's Kosovo Polje hospitals
reported 70 cases of CCHF with
four deaths in May
2010 (Prajapati et al., 2011).
The higher prevalence of CCHF in countries such as