分子植物育种
(
网络版
), 2010
年
,
第
8
卷
,
第
12
篇
Fenzi Zhiwu Yuzhong (Online), 2010, Vol.8, No.12
http://mpb. c
hin
ese.sophiapublisher.com
第
1
页,共
9
页
评述与展望
Review and Progress
EAR
型转录抑制子和嵌合抑制子沉默技术研究进展及应用
刘坤
,
李付广
,
张雪妍
,
刘传亮
,
张朝军
,
武芝霞
中国农业科学院棉花研究所
,
农业部棉花遗传改良重点开放实验室
,
安阳
, 455000
通讯作者及电子邮件
: lifug@cricaas.com.cn;
作者
分子植物育种
, 2010
年
,
第
8
卷
,
第
12
篇
DOI: 10.5376/mpb.cn.2010.08.0012
收稿日期:
2010
年
10
月
08
日
接受日期:
2010
年
11
月
22
日
发表日期:
2010
年
12
月
17
日
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人允许和同意第三方无条件的使用、传播以及任何媒介的复制或再制作。
建议最佳引用格式:
刘坤等
, 2010, EAR
型转录抑制子和嵌合抑制子沉默技术研究进展及应用
,
分子植物育种
Vol.8 No.12 (DOI: 10.5376/mpb.cn.2010.08.0012)
摘
要
EAR
基序富含亮氨酸,具有双亲性
,
是赋予转录因子抑制功能的一段保守序列。
EAR
型转录抑制子是含有
EAR
基序,
并为植物特有的一类转录抑制子,它普遍存在于多种蛋白家族中,参与生物和非生物逆境胁迫响应、编程性和过敏性死亡、
胚胎发生、器官发育和老化等多个过程的调控。
EAR
型转录抑制子是一类主动转录抑制子,可以通过染色质修饰,激活子
调节等途径实现对下游基因的抑制,进而实现生物学功能的正向调控或负向调控。这种抑制作用既可以发生在分子内,也可
以发生于分子间。
EAR
型转录抑制子对转录过程的抑制作用可通过泛素-核蛋白酶体途径特异性降解去除,同时,磷酸化作
用可能是去除
EAR
型转录抑制子抑制作用重要的步骤。在
EAR
型转录抑制子结构和功能等方面研究的基础上,已经发展出
嵌合抑制子基因沉默技术。该技术运用基因工程手段在激活子
C
末端附加一段
EAR
基序,融合形成嵌合蛋白,可将其转变
为一个高效的负调控子,用于对目标基因的表达进行特异而高效地抑制,在鉴定转录因子基因的功能、研究蛋白质之间的相
互作用、改变植物性状等方面具有重要的潜在价值。目前,对
EAR
型转录抑制子结构和功能的认识还不够全面、深入和系
统,嵌合抑制子基因沉默技术本身还有待于进一步发展和完善。
关键词
植物;转录因子;转录抑制子;
EAR
基序;嵌合抑制子沉默技术
Progresses and Application of Researches on EAR-type Transcriptional Repressor
and Chimeric Repressor Gene-Silencing Technology
Liu Kun , Li Fuguang , Zhang Xueyan , Liu Chuanliang , Zhang Chaojun , Wu Zhixia
Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences (CAAS), Anyang, Henan 455004, China
Corresponding author, lifug@cricaas.com.cn;
Authors
Abstract
EAR-motif, which is of amphiphilic, is rich with leucine and endows the transcrption factors with repression function, is a
conservative sequence in transcrption factors. EAR-type transcription repressors which are unique to plants, contain the EAR-motif,
and exist rifely
in various types of protein families of plant, taking part in the controlling processes of bio- and abiotic stress responses,
programmed and hypersensitive cell death, embryogenesis, organ development and aging. EAR-type transcription respressors belong
to the class of active transcription repressors and exert repression effect on downstream genes by means of the pathway of chromatin
modification and/or activator-regulation, and then, implement the positive or negative control on biological function. These inhibition
effects not only happen intramolecularly but also intermolecularly, and could be removed through the pathway of ubiquitin-nuclear
proteasome. Phosphorylation may play a important role in removal of the suppressive effects. CREST (Chimeric Repressor Gene-
Silencing Technology) has been established on the basis of studies about the structure and function of EAR-type transcription repressors.
Constructing Chimeric proteins by linking the EAR-motifs to the C-end of transcription activators genetically may make them change
into high efficient negative regulons, which can be used to repress the expression of interest genes specifically and efficiently. This
technology possesses huge potential application value in many aspects, such as determination of transcription activators function,
investigation of interaction between proteins, changing the treats of plants, and so on. The knowledge about the structure and function of
EAR-type transcription repressors remain to be unilateral, superficial and non-systematic. The CREST itself needs to be developped