Molecular Plant Breeding 2015, Vol.6, No.13, 1
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4
3
Table 2 Responses of rice germplasm (lines, testers and crosses) to rice blast disease caused by
Pyricularia grisea
Genotype
Resistant
Moderately Resistant Moderately susceptible Susceptible
Highly susceptible
Cross
4
7
3
4
9
Parent
1
4
3
1
3
(Khan et al., 2001) screened 39 (course) and 40 (fine)
entries/varieties for three years from Rice Research
Institute Kala Shah Kaku and NIAB, Faisalabad. The
screening revealed that amongst the course entries/ Va-
rieties like IR-6 and KS-282 were found highly
resistant in 1998 and resistant in 1999 and 2000 while
on over all basis lR-8, DR-82 and DM- 15-1-95 were
found resistant in the entire test. Similar results were
also reported by (Haq et al., 2002) in screening of
twenty five rice germplasm lines and found that two
lines KSK-282 and IRRI-6 were highly resistant. Field
screening of 40 entries/varieties during 2005-2006
against the blast disease revealed that only one entry
99513 of PARC, one entry of KSK-10 from Rice
Research Institute, Kala Shah Kaku and DM-2-25-
9-02 from NIAB, showed resistant response (Arshad
et al., 2008). The screening of rice germplasm against
the blast disease was also carried out in other rice
growing countries. (Mohanta et al., 2003) in screening
trials at Bangladesh reported that among twenty eight
restored line and four standard checks, three were
highly resistant, 12 resistant, 16 moderately susceptible.
(Castano et al., 1990) developed methods for screening
of 437 upland genotype from Indonesia (IAT), Colombia
and IRRI (Philippines) for resistance to
Pyricularia
oryzae
six times within two years and found that 176
genotype were highly resistant while other had low to
high susceptibility to rice blast disease.
3 Conclusion
Blast disease of rice is the most economical problem
for rice growers of Kashmir valley. Inherent resistance
or tolerance of crop plants to infection by the pathogen can
most likely be a safe alternative and most economical and
ecofriendly disease management venture. So to breed
for resistant/tolerant lines for blast disease is the need
of hour for the economic rice production under temperate
agro-ecology. This will not only lower the cost of
production by reducing application of chemicals but
will prove way for agronomic rice production in an
eco-friendly manner.
During the present study the genotypes viz., K-08-60
x IR-68888A, K-08-61 x SKAU-11A, K-08-61 x
IR-68888A, PS-5 x SKAU-11A and PS-5 were found
resistant against blast disease under temperate
agroclimatic conditions. Moreover eleven genotypes
were found moderately resistant including SKAU-382
x SKAU-11A, SKAU-382 x IR-68888A, SR-1 x
SKAU-7A, SR-1 x SKAU-11A, SR-1 x IR-68888A,
K-08-61 x SKAU-7A, PS-5 x IR-68888A, SR-1,
K0-8-60, K0-8-61 and IR-68888. The resistant sources
found in the present study can be utilized profitably
for developing new rice cultivars possessing desirable
traits besides resistance to blast disease especially for
temperate ecologies. Since the experiment was carried
out at two locations and the genotypes displayed
almost equal response against blast causing pathogen
which indicates less role of environment being played
in disease development and more of genetic nature.
4 Materials and Methods
The present study was carried out at two diverse
locations viz. Mountain Research Centre for Field
Crops, Khudwani (1580 m amsl) [E1], and at the
Experimental Farm of Krishi Vighyan Kandra
Pombay, Kulgam, Kashmir (India) (2000m amsl) [E2]
during
Kharif,
2011 and 2012. Durng the present study
nine rice lines namely Jhelum, Pusa Sughandh-5
(PS-5), China-988, Shalimar Rice-1 (SR-1), SKAU-382,
SKAU-389, K-08-59, K-08-60 and K-08-61 were
crossed with three CMS lines (SKAU-7A, SKAU-11A
and IR-68888A) used as testers in a line x tester
fashion to generate 27 cross combinations. The genetic
material was chosen from a broad assay of germplasm
maintained at Mountain Research Centre for Field
Crops, Khudwani. The crosses were attempted in
Kharif 2011. The resulted 27 F1s, 12 parents and one
standard check (Jhelum) were evaluated separately
against
Pyricularia grisea
at two locations during
kharif 2012 using complete randomized block design
with three replications. Thirty days old seedlings were
transplanted with single plant hill
-1
with inter row and
intra row spacing of 20 cm and 15 cm respectively.
Recommended packages of practices were followed to
raise a good crop. The observations were recorded on
15 days interval and then mean was worked out.
