International Journal of Horticulture 2015, Vol.5, No.10, 1
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Table 2 Farmers’ ranking of risk sources in Ife/ Ijesa zone (n = 100)
Risk Sources
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10 11 12 13 14 15
*
**
Production risk
Bad weather
1
5
7
5
5
22
2 3
4
0
0
0
0
0 2
56
45
Lack of improved
varieties
0
0
0
2
4
0
0 3
1
0
0
0
0
0 0
10
6
Storage
1
1
3
4
7
8
3 5
1
4
0
0
0
0 0
37
24
Pest and diseases
2
9 15 16 14
7
4 2
3
10 11
2
2
2 1
100
63
Wind
5
3 10
3
2
2
2 3
5
0
0
0
0
0 0
35
25
Price risk
Input prices
2
8
2
5
10
9
0
0
0
7
3
2
1
1
0
50
36
Output prices
5
4
6 16
7
6
5 8
5
0
0 10 10
0 0
82
44
Social risk
Unsecured land Tenure
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
2
1
1
5
0
Theft
4
6
8 19 12
17
4 3
0
0
0
1
0
0 2
86
66
Fire hazard
1
5
6
7 11
9 20 1
5
3
0
0
8
3 0
79
39
Ill health
0
0
0
0
0
1
2 3
0
0
0
0
0
0 0
6
1
Non- availability
of labour
12 21 10
8
8
8
5 3
2
8 10
0
0
0 0
95
67
Capital (Money)
36 14 12 16 14
8
0 0
0
0
0
0
0
0 0
100
100
Inadequate Suckers
0
0 14
3
0
0
0 2
0
0
0
0
0
0 0
19
17
Transportation
31 14 28 10 11
6
0 0
0
0
0
0
0
0 0
100
69
Financial risk
0
0
0
0
0
0
0 0
0
0
0
0
0
0 0
0
0
Source –Field survey, 2013.
* Number of respondents mentioning each risk source
** Number of respondents ranking each risk source among the most
important six. For example ninety five respondents mentioned labor
non-availability as a risk source but only sixty seven put it the most important.
Table 2a: Relative importance of sources of risk in Ife/Ijesa zone
Source of Risk
Mean
Percentage
Index*
Rank
Capital
4.18
36
150.48
1
Transportation
4.26
31
132.00
2
Non- availability of labor
2.65
12
31.80
3
Theft
2.34
4
9.36
4
Output price
1.42
5
7.10
5
Wind
1.00
5
5.00
6
Pests and diseases
2.000
2
4.00
7
Input prices
1.04
2
2.08
8
Fire hazard
1.07
1
1.07
9
Bad weather
1.06
1
10.60
10
Storage
0.57
1
0.57
11
Source: Field Survey, 2013
*Mean X percentage.
risk (Boehije & Trede 1977). Formal insurance allows
a means of substituting a certain small expense for the
possibility of a large uncertain loss. The various types
of insurance that could be used by a farm operator are
crop, property and personal. Crop insurance prevents
or reduces the technical risk of obtaining very low
crop yield than expected caused by adverse weather
condition, property insurance is the protection against
destruction of farm assets by fire, wind, theft and
accidental damage. Personal insurance protects farm
operators and their families against losses in equity
due to ill health or death of the insured individual (s).
