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Plant Gene and Trait, 2013, Vol.4, No.5, 25
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29
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25
Research Report Open Access
Response of Plant Growth Regulators and Nitrogen on Photosynthetic
Pigments, Soluble Protein and Yield of Black Gram (
Vigna mungo
L.)
K. Krishna Surendar
1
, S. Vincent1, Mallika Vanagamudi
2
, H. Vijayaraghavan 1
1. Department of Crop Physiology, TNAU, Coimbatore-641 003, India;
2. Professor of Crop Physiology, Department of ACRC, TNAU, Coimbatore-641 003, India
Corresponding author email:
surendartnau@gmail.com;
Authors
Plant Gene and Trait, 2013, Vol.4, No.5 doi: 10.5376/pgt.2013.04.0005
Received: 21 Mar., 2013
Accepted: 11 Apr., 2013
Published: 24 May, 2013
This is an open access article published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction
in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Preferred citation for this article:
Surendar et al., 2013, Response of Plant Growth Regulators and Nitrogen on Photosynthetic Pigments, Soluble Protein and Yield of Black Gram (
Vigna mungo
L.), Plant Gene and Trait, Vol.4, No.5 25-29 (doi: 10.5376/pgt.2013.04.0005)
Abstract
Investigations were undertaken to study the effect of nitrogen in combination with foliar spray of bioregulators and
micronutrients on growth and productivity of CO 5 black gram. Photosynthetic pigments and foliage soluble protein content were
estimated at different phenological phases of black gram. Seed yield were assessed at the time of harvest. Significant increase in the
chlorophyll content of the leaf due to basal application of nitrogen 25 kg per hectare with foliar spray of urea 2% and 0.1 ppm
brassinolide. The biochemical constituents such as soluble protein content were also greatly enhanced by the basal application of
nitrogen 25 kg per hectare with foliar spray of urea 2% and 0.1 ppm brassinolide treatment.
Keywords
Black gram, PGR, Nitrogen and yield
1 Introduction
Pulses are the most important crops in India because of
its low cost and high quality protein. They play a major
role in providing a balanced protein component in the
diet of the people. Pulses contain a higher level of
quality protein, nearly three times as much as cereals;
therefore they are the cheapest and rich source of
protein and essential amino acids and thus share a
major protein of the vegetarian diet. Besides, the crops
enrich the soil fertility and health in terms of addition
of nitrogen and organic matter. Among pulses, black
gram (
Vigna
mungo
L.
Hepper
), occupies a unique
place for its use as vegetable, and it is grown both as
pure and mixed crop along with maize, cotton,
sorghum and other millets. It is also known as urd bean,
and it is an important pulse crop grown all over the
world. It is a major component of the daily Indian diet
and serves as a rich protein source (23.9%) besides, it
also contains 60.4 per cent carbohydrates. As per the
World Health Organization every man needs 80 g of
pulses per day and as per the Indian Council of Medical
Research, every man needs minimum consumption of
47 g of protein per day to meet requirement of the body.
But at present, the per capita availability of pulses is
only 30 g~35 g per day. Therefore, there is a need for
three fold increase in pulse production as that of current
production. Black gram is indeterminate in its
flowering and fruiting habits and there is a competition
for available assimilates between vegetative and
reproductive sinks. There is limitation of source (leaves)
particularly at flowering and fruiting stage. Hence, there
is a need to improve LAI and LAD. Being a C
3
plant,
CGR and RGR are relatively less than cereals and the
major yield components are pods per plant, seeds per
plant and test weight of seeds. Apart from this genetic
makeup, the major physiological constraints limiting
its production are flower drop and fruit drop (Ojeaga
and Ojehomon, 1972). This performance of the crops
can be overcome by foliar application of growth
regulating chemicals at the crucial stages of the crop,
which is one of the latest trends in agriculture. The
growth regulating chemicals bioregulators can improve