International Journal of Marine Science 2015, Vol.5, No.22, 1-6
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being used by the local community for many purposes
such as agriculture, pond, and industrial waste
discharge. All activities contributed significantly to
increase the phosphate input into the estuary.
2.2 Concentration of heavy metal
Five type of heavy metals that have been analyzed in
the water and in the sediment, 3 type of heavy metals,
that were Pb, Cd and Cr had high concentration in
every research station (Figure 2). Figure 2 shown that
concentration all types of heavy metal that have been
analyzed was higher in the sediment than in the water
column. Statistical analysis indicated that there was a
significant difference of concentration 4 types of
heavy metals in the water and in the sediment (Pb, Cd,
Cu, and Cr), except for Hg there is no significant
difference of its concentration between in the water
column and in the sediment (Tables 1). Heavy metal
concentration in the water and in the sediment varied
for every research station. There was three types of
heavy metals that had high concentration either in the
water or in the sediment at any given research station,
such as Lead (Pb), Cuprum (Cu) and Cromium (Cr).
Figure 2 The average of heavy metal concentration (±SE, N=3) in the water and in the sediment from Tallo Estuary. a) The average
of heavy metal concentration in the water, b) The average of heavy metal concentration in the sediment
Tables 1 T test result of heavy metal concentration between in the water and in the sediment
Heavy metal
Mean of concentration (ppm)
T test value
Water
Sediment
Hg
0.0148
0.0688
0.392ns
Pb
0.3928
23..3084
0.000***
Cu
0.1516
14.8300
0.000***
Cd
0.0586
1.5200
0.000***
Cr
0.1607
18.6942
0.000***
Note: NS is Significant, *** is significant different at α = 0.05
Lead (Pb) had the highest concentration at any given
research station than others type of heavy metal. Pb
concentration was higher in the sediment than in the
water column and T test result shown that there was a
significant difference of Pb concentration in the water
column and in the sediment (Tables 1). High
concentration of Pb in the sediment because Pb in the
sediment could not be accumulated and degraded,
consequently the lead was accumulation at the bottom
of the waters, whereas in the water Pb can distribute to
respond the action of current (Anggraeni, 2007).
Statistically, there was no significant difference of Pb
concentration between research stations either in the
water or in the sediment (Tables 1). This result
indicated that the distribution of Pb in Tallo Estuary
was flattened. This condition could be explained due
to strong current at the Tallo Estuary, consequently the
pollutant was spreading flattens specially for Pb in all
area of the estuary.
Copper (Cu) was the second type of heavy metal that
had a high concentration in every research station.
