International Journal of Marine Science 2015, Vol.5, No.14, 1-5
1
Research Report Open Access
Effect on white gut and white feces disease in semi intensive
Litopenaeus vannamei
shrimp culture system in south Indian state of Tamilnadu
Durai V
1
, B.Gunalan
2
, P. Micheal Johnson
2
, M. L. Maheswaran
2
, M. Pravinkumar
2
1. Shrimp Aquaculture Technician, Sirkali, India
2. Centre of Advanced Study in Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Sciences, Annamalai University, Parangipettai – 608 502, Tamilnadu, India
Corresponding author email
International Journal of Marine Science, 2015, Vol.5, No.14 doi: 10.5376/ijms.2015.05.0014
Received: 21 Jan., 2015
Accepted: 28 Feb., 2015
Published: 18 Mar., 2015
Copyright
©
2015
Durai et al., This is an open access article published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted
use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Preferred citation for this article:
Durai et al., 2015, Effect on white gut and white feces disease in semi intensive
Litopenaeus vannamei
shrimp culture system in south Indian state of Tamilnadu,
International Journal of Marine Science, Vol.5, No.14 1
-
5 (doi
Abstract
Litopenaeus vannamei
is a new species to India; right now culture technology is not comparable with black tiger shrimp.
Bearing all those in mind the present study was carefully carried out. In the present study an attempt has been made to culture the
white leg shrimp,
L. vannamei
in two ponds each with 0.6 ha in Kodakaramulai, Sirkali taluk, Nagai District, Tamilnadu. The salinity
of the two ponds was ranging between 22-30 ppt and DO values fluctuated between 4.0 mg/l and 5.0 mg/l in the morning and
between 4.5 mg/l and 6.5 mg/l in the evening. Ammonia was recorded maximum 0.3ppm and minimum was 0.1ppm. During the
culture after 50
th
DOC there was a poor growth observed in both ponds due to white gut and white fecal matter. Immediately feed
probiotic (
Bacillus
sp) mix with the feed for three weeks and two meals per day. The problem was slowly rectified. The maximum
Survival 85% in pond 2 and 82% survival was recorded in pond1. The present study confirm that, shrimp farming community need
more awareness to use feed probiotic, proper water quality management and feed management is essential for the successful culture.
Keywords
Semi intensive culture; White gut; White feces (fecal);
Litopenaeus vannamei
; Shrimp disease
Introduction
Marine shrimp farming is the most important
aquaculture in the world and is reported by FIGIS
(2007) about 75% of farmed shrimp produced in Asia
where China, India, Malaysia, Thailand and Indonesia.
The boom period of shrimp culture in India started in
1990 and the bust came in 1995-96. The growth of the
industry off late witnessed two major setbacks. The
first important bottleneck is viral disease outbreak
(Karuna et al., 1994), which withered the confidence
of entrepreneurs and financial institutions. Another
very important problem is pollution. The organic load
in term of unutilized feed due to excessive feeding
(due to over feeding), feacal matter released by
shrimps and dead algae, settle at the bottom of the
pond contribute pollution of the pond bottom (Yew-
Hu, 1992).
The most important diseases of cultured penaeid
shrimp, in terms of economic impact, in Asia, the
Indo-Pacific and the Americas have infectious
etiologies. Among the infectious diseases of cultured
shrimp, certain virus-caused diseases stand out as the
most significant. The pandemics due to the penaeid
viruses WSSV (White spot) and TSV (Taura
Syndrome), and to a lesser extent to IHHNV
(Infectious Hypodermal and Hematopoietic Necrosis
virus) and YHV (Yellow Head), have cost the penaeid
shrimp industry billions of dollars in lost crops, jobs
and export revenue. The social and economic impacts
of the pandemics caused by these pathogens have been
profound in countries in which shrimp farming
constitutes a significant industry. In the present study
white gut and white feces diseases was recorded and
the curable solution was described scientifically in
L.vannamei
culture ponds.
1 Materials and Method
The farm (Durai aqua farm) is located on the northern
bank of Kollidam estuary (Pazhaiyar) in Kodakaramulai
(Lat. 11
o
20’45N and 79
o
48’E). The farm is situated
about 10 km away from kollidam. The southern side
of the farm is elevated to a height of 3.5 m from
Kollidam estuary. The total area covered is 2.4 ha of
which water spread area is about 1.2 ha. Totally four
ponds is there, two pond culture pond and two pond
