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International Journal of Marine Science 2014, Vol.4, No.5: 61-66
http://ijms.sophiapublisher.com
61
A Letter Open Access
A Study on Indonesian Mollusk Fishery and its Prospect for Economy
Selly Kartika Yongtong Mu
Department of Fishery, Faculty of Fishery Resources, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
Corresponding author email:
sellykartika@ymail.com
International Journal of Marine Science, 2014, Vol.4, No.5 doi: 10.5376/ijms.2014.04.0005
Received: 27 Oct., 2013
Accepted: 06 Dec., 2013
Published: 8 Jan., 2014
Copyright
©
2014 Kartika and Mu, This is an open access article published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits
unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Preferred citation for this article:
Kartika and Mu, 2014, A Study on Indonesian Mollusk Fishery and Its Prospect For Economy, International Journal of Marine Science, Vol.4, No.5: 61-66 (doi:
10.5376/ijms.2014.04.0005)
Abstract
Indonesia is abundant in various mollusk species, which can be of commercial importance and has significant roles in the
marine ecosystem. This study attempts to analyze the current condition of Indonesian mollusk fishery and its prospect for economy.
The results showed Indonesian production of mollusks tend to increase in most years but fluctuated in some individual years during
the last 60 years or so. Additionally, there has been a decrease-moving in the production growth rates of mollusks in every 20-year
period from 1950 to 2011, with the average growth rate in the period from 1950 to 1969 is 47.78%, then after that period mollusk
production is decreasing 22.02% (1970-1989) and 11.35% (1990-2011). It was also found that Indonesia trade in mollusk products
grew significantly; rising from US$ 803 thousand in 1976 to US$ 8.24 million in 2009, with the highest mollusk value at US$ 18.67
million in 2006, with the major mollusk product is miscellaneous molluscs in terms of both quantity and value during 1976-2009.
Hence, the paper has suggested the government and other stakeholders had better to give more serious attention to the developing
mollusks and manage mollusks into tangible economic assets. It is because mollusks can be an important component of future
national income.
Keywords
Mollusks; Fishery; Economic; Production; Export; Indonesia
1 Introduction
Indonesia has a large maritime zone about some 5.8
million km
2
consisting of archipelagic waters,
territorial seas, and Exclusive Economic Zones. It’s
coastline is more than 81,000 km long, its sustainable
fisheries (Maximum Sustainable Yield) of all kinds
are about 6.4 millions tons a year while. Its total
allowable catch (TAC) is estimated at 80% amounting
to about 5.12 million tons annually (MMAF and JICA,
2011). Consequently, Indonesia has enormous potential
in marine and fishery resources.
Mollusks are one of Indonesia’s marine and fishery
resources found in coral reefs, mangroves as well as
sandy, muddy and rocky ground. It has been found that
there are approximately 15,000 species of mollusks in
Indonesia by LIPI (The Indonesian Institute of Science).
In addition, mollusk biodiversity in Indonesia reaches
40% of the total species of the world (Mallawa, n.d.).
Mollusks play significant role in the marine and
fishery because of their advantages. The advantages of
mollusk resources can be classified into economic and
ecological advantages. In economic, mollusks
are
highly traded, in particular as exports, for example as
a nutritious food sources, jewellery, ornaments,
specimens and medicine (Venkatesan, 2010),
to more
affluent economy. Furthermore, Suhardiyanto (2009)
said that according to some researches in the world,
mollusks have a substance that is useful for
pharmaceutical and medicine needs. As for ecology,
mollusks are an important part of the food chain, can
be used as indicators for water pollution, and take part
in stabilizing the interaction of the marine ecosystem.
Several studies on utilization of mollusk in the term
biology perspective have been done by a number of
researchers in Indonesia (Setyono, 2004; Putro, 2007;
Andamari, 2007; Surbekti, 2007; Mulyanto, 2007;
Bhagawati and Muhammad, 2007; Dharma, 2010), but
there are no studies on economic perspective of
mollusks. Accordingly, this study is an attempt to
examine the current condition and its prospect for
economy of mollusk fishery from Indonesian waters.
These results can be useful as preliminary study to
understand the economic value of mollusks in Indonesia.
2 Material and Methods
An extensive literature review related to mollusks was
used to achieve the objective of this paper. Indonesia