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International Journal of Marine Science 2014, Vol.4, No.22, 197-209
http://ijms.biopublisher.ca
203
controlled of copra production and trading. People
from surrounding small islands then treated it as
trading or exchanging place. Economic relationship
patterns were constructed in a trading network which
made Karimunjawa as center of these region and
surrounding small islands as periphery. From those
dynamic economic activity, then Karimunjawa island
was developed into center of economic growth and
activity, it is advocated by surrounding small islands. It
was strengthening Karimunjawa position as trading
transaction among the islanders.
The dynamic economic relationship patterns reflect
position of Karimunjawa Island remained as the center
and surrounding islands as the periphery. It is even
more significant when the Indonesian government in
1986 through the Ministry of Forestry stated the
111.625 ha of Karimunjawa Islands as Marine Nature
Reserve Area. It raised consequences that will be a
massive mobility of goods and people in Karimunjawa
Islands resulted by increasing of visitation from
domestic and international travelers which can be seen
below on Table 1.
Table 1 Number of tourist visit to Karimunjawa National Park in 1998-2012
Year
Number
Domestic
International
Total
1998
388
67
453
1999
965
124
1069
2000
1257
133
1390
2001
1109
302
1411
2002
1336
134
1470
2003
1743
181
1924
2004
4928
517
5445
2005
8170
1010
9180
2006
3976
392
4368
2007
9359
1768
11127
2008
12719
1809
14528
2009
15836
1844
17680
2010
25192
2267
27459
2011
32739
2848
35587
2012
31278
2945
34223
Note: Source: Statistical Data of Karimunjawa National Park, 2012
The data above clearly shows that number of visitors to
Karimunjawa has been increased in 2004-2005 and has
continued until today. Nowadays, Karimunjawa as one
of the leading tourism destinations supported by
Central Java Tourism Centre. It is provided a scheduled
transportation facility by direct route from Semarang to
Karimunjawa. The ransportation route to Karimunjawa
before was only can be reached from Jepara, it forced
tourist from Semarang (the capital of Central Java)
used land transportation to go to Jepara first then
Karimunjawa. Recently, there are more transportation
option to reach Karimunjawa depends on travelers
needed. In addition, a small airport facility is also
available in Kemujan Island that is only used by
international tourists so far.
It is also encouraged of establishment another service
sector opportunities, for example in number of
economic facilities which become more developed and
vary, such as stores, stalls, hotels, home-stays, cafes,
rent car, tourist guide, etc. In Karimunjawa village
there are 21 hotels including 182 rooms, and 59
home-stays with 298 rooms (HPI Karimunjawa, 2012).
Those hotels and home-stays are only available in
Karimunjawa island nor in the surrounding islands.
Likewise, although there is a small airport in
Kemujan Island, it is exclusively used for transit by
passenger who are taking ships to the exclusive
island, namely Kura-Kura resort, so there is no impact
for establishment of Kemujan island.
Tourist destinations are not only available in
Karimunjawa island but also spread over of various
small islands including four inhabited islands. None of
the small island has any hotel or home-stay other like
Karimunjawa has. Therefore, any economic activities