International Journal of Horticulture, 2017, Vol.7, No.20, 163-171
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Table 1 Effect of packaging materials on PLW, total damage, spoilage and acceptable damage of Royal Delicious cultivars of apple
during transportation and subsequent storage for one month at Bheri cold store,
Kohalpur, Banke, Nepal
for two consecutive years
(2013-2014)
Types of CFB box
PLW
(%)
Total damage
(%)
Spoilage
(%)
Acceptable damage
(%)
Equivalent loss
(%)
Total postharvest
loss (%)
5 ply 140 psi CFB 2.6
10.7
5.0
5.7
2.9
10.5
5 ply 160 psi CFB 2.5
10.0
4.4
5.6
2.8
9.7
5 ply 180 psi CFB 2.2
9.5
4.1
5.4
2.7
9.0
7 ply 140 psi CFB 2.1
9.3
3.5
5.8
2.9
8.5
7 ply 160 psi CFB 1.8
8.7
3.1
5.6
2.8
7.7
7 ply 180 psi CFB 1.6
7.7
2.2
5.5
2.8
6.6
7 ply FDD CFB
2.8
17.7
10.4
7.3
3.7
16.9
3 ply Beer Carton
4.4
22.4
13.5
8.9
4.5
22.4
F- test
***
***
***
LSD (P< 0.05)
0.24
1.09
1.27
CV (%)
12.1
11.9
30.3
3.2 Total damage, spoilage loss, acceptable damage, equivalent loss and total postharvest loss
Total number of damaged fruits among the tested CFB cartons due to bruising, scaring and spoilage during
transportation and storage was highly significant (Table 2). Minimum number of total damaged fruits was
observed in 7 ply 180 psi CFB boxes (6.6%) followed by 7 ply 160 psi CFB boxes (7.7%) while maximum in 3
ply Beer cartons (22.4%). Likewise, minimum spoilage loss or unacceptable damage (2.2%) was observed in 7
ply 180 psi CFB boxes followed by 7 ply 160 psi CFB boxes (3.1%) while maximum in 3 ply Beer cartons
(13.5%). Minimum acceptable or partially damaged fruits were observed (5.4%) in 5 ply 180 psi CFB boxes
followed by 7 ply 180 psi CFB boxes (5.5%) while maximum (8.9%) in 3 ply Beer cartons. Minimum equivalent
loss (50% of acceptable or partially damaged fruits) was observed (2.7%) in 5 ply 180 psi CFB while higher
(4.5%) in 3 ply Beer cartons other treatments. Total postharvest loss was maximum in 3 ply Beer cartons (22.4%)
followed by 7 ply FFD CFB boxes (16.9%) while minimum in 7 ply 180 psi CFB boxes (6.6%).
Table 2 Postharvest losses of Royal Delicious cultivar of apple
fruits
in Existing Value Chain (EVC) and Improved Value Chain
(IVC) scenarios in the mid western development region of Nepal during 2013-2014
Loss Parameters
EVC (%)
IVC (%)
1. PLW
4.4
1.6
2. Total Damage
22.4
7.7
3. Spoilage
13.5
2.2
4. Acceptable Damage (2-3)
8.9
5.5
5. Equivalent loss
[(price loss due to total damage/total price of whole lot) x 100]*
4.5
2.8
6. Total postharvest loss (1+3+5)
22.4
6.6
Note: Damaged fruits were priced 50% lower than sound fruits
Maximum damages in 3 ply Beer carton might be due to inadequate cushioning and strength which increased the
damage to internal tissues during transportation. Seven ply CFB box of 20 kg capacity recommended by FDD
was not acceptable container for packaging of apple fruits because of high postharvest loss; inconvenience in
handling during transportation, storage and marketing; and unaffordable price for the consumers. CFB Box of
10 kg capacity having 7 ply 180 psi bursting strength was easily accepted by the farmers groups, cooperatives,
traders and consumers in Nepalese context because of convenience in handling; minimum brushing, scaring,
spoilage damage; high storability, affordable price, better retention of fruit quality.
