International Journal of Aquaculture, 2017, Vol.7, No.4, 23
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pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV) and viral haemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV) carried out in 206 collected
unpooled samples were found negative suggesting the absence of the said viruses in our trout farms.
Pathogenic fungi that are commonly observed in trout farms are
Saprolegnia parasitica
and
Saprolegnia diclina.
They have characteristics of cotton like appearance, elongated zoosporangia and pear shaped primary sporangium.
Temperature has been observed to have a significant effect on the appearance of fungal infection which becomes
epizootics when temperatures are below the optimum range. However, during incubation of trout eggs it was
observed that higher temperatures increased the chances of infection. Rayamajhi and Dhital (2008) suggested that
polluted water, especially during monsoon season, and unhygienic feed are the most likely pathways for disease to
enter Nepalese rainbow trout.
E. Processing, value addition and Marketing
Rainbow trout is one of the most well-known fish in the world, and has a reputation as being a high quality,
coveted product that fetches a high price. But, trout farms in India are distantly located in difficult terrains and
have poor accessibility to the markets. At times they are not well connected by road or rail. Under the
circumstances, farmers are either forced to consume the produce by themselves or sell at cheaper prices in local
market. Rural domestic consumption cannot become the target of the rainbow trout industry; it must look out to
areas where the local produce has good market and demand (Swar, 2007). Considering marketing of the product, a
“branding” technique, such as labelling the fish “Himalayan rainbow trout” has been thought to be adopted. Being
a perishable item transportation of the fresh fish is very difficult. The long duration from time-of-harvest to
arrival-at-market necessitates proper dressing, preserving and packaging techniques. Ice, cold storage and fish
dryers are required to maintain the high quality of the trout meat. The introduction of value addition techniques to
the produce is under process. In order to make the endeavour, the smoked trout and other value added products
have been attempted with the technical support of ICAR - CIFT, Cochi. Our endeavour would not only preserve
the produce and products but also would increase the net profit.
Conclusion
Rainbow trout farming has great potential in India hence skill up gradation/training to the trout growers for
adopting scientific basis of farming for sustainable commercial farming is imperative. A comprehensive guideline
and policy for trout farming and its promotion need be developed for sustainable production in cold-water regions.
Strengthening of marketing channel, development of cold chain and facilities for processing and product
development will be helpful in management and expansion of trout farming in India.
Future Strategies to invigorate trout farming
Expansion of trout farming in potential in accessed areas.
Development of trout resource GIS maps for Himalayan region for sustainable utilization and management.
Development of cost-effective larval and grow out feed for trout.
Disease surveillance and fish health management.
Genetic management of existed introduced trout stock and exploring fast growing strains for further import.
References
Barat A., Sahoo P.K., Kumar R., Mir J.I., Ali S., Patiyal R.S., and Singh A.K., 2015, Molecular characterization of rainbow trout,
Oncorhynchus mykiss
(Walbaum, 1792) stocks in India, Journal of genetics, 1-6
Bartoli M., Nizzoli D., Longhi D., Laini A., and Viaroli P., 2007, Impact of a trout on the water quality of an Apennine creek from daily budgets of nutrients,
Chem. Ecol., 23, 1–11
Camargo J.A., Gonzalo C., and Alonso A., 2011, Assessing trout farm pollution by biological metrics and indices based on aquatic macrophytes and benthic
macroinvertebrates: A case study, Ecol. Indicat., 11, 911–917
Fontagné-Dicharry S., Alami-Durante H., Aragão C., Kaushik S.J., and Geurden I., 2017, Parental and early-feeding effects of dietary methionine in rainbow
trout (
Oncorhynchus mykiss
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