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International Journal of Aquaculture, 2014, Vol.4, No.05
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33
and 15.40±0.09 to 24.45±0.06 for
U. sulphureus
in fall
and spring respectively. It is similar to those
previously reported in gold band goatfish, striped red
mullet (Öksüz et al., 2011) and wild
Catla catla
(Hassan et al., 2010). This result may be attributed to
the effect of fish digestion.
The level of PUFA (18.08±0.01) and HUFA
(15.04±0.03) in fall were found to be higher than that
of them in spring (10.45±0.02 and 8.64±0.00
respectively). Even in low concentrations, these
polyunsaturated fatty acids are an important group of
lipid metabolism and are bases for the formation of
arachidonic acid C20:4 (n-6) and eicosapentaenoic
acid 20:5 (n-3), precursors for eicosanoic acid and the
relative levels of these two fatty acids have profound
effect on the formation of very active substances
metabolically (Sargent et al., 1995). Polyunsaturated
fatty acids (PUFAn-6) which dominate structural
lipids and, like monoenes, are highly affected by
factors suchas lipid contents, growth levels and body
weight.Particularly as precursor fatty acids to
eicosanoids and arachidonic acid, PUFA (n- 6) are
metabolized from adipose tissues (Voss et al., 1991;
Sargent et al. 1995).
In our study two distinct indexes were investigated: 1)
Atherogenic index (IA); and 2) Thrombogenic index
(IT). These indexes take into account the different
effects that single fatty acid might have on human
health and in particular on the probability of
increasing the incidence of pathogenic phenomena,
such as atheroma and/or throm-bus formation. In this
research
Leiognathus bindus
was the best IT indices
(0.886±0.001 and 0.810±0.01 in spring and fall
respectively) .The IT and IA indices in both
L. bindus
and
U. sulphureus
determined in this study is quite
different from the level of them previously measured
in products of
Thunnus thynnus
by Garaffo et al.
(2011).Those indices was lower and better that these
indices.
In conclusion
L. bindus
and
U. sulphureus
showed a
considerable amount of saturated and unsaturated fatty
acids in both fall and spring. Polyunsaturated fatty
acids (
PUFA
) are found to be one of the highest
compounds found in these fishes and n-3
PUFA
is
studied extensively in both types of fishes. The n-3
polyunsaturated fatty acid which is primarily
docosahexaenoic acid (
DHA
) and eicosapentaenoic
acid (
EPA
) was found in appreciable amounts
(Muhamad and Mohamad, 2012).
Acknowledgments
The authors gratefully acknowledge the support offered from
the Young Researchers and Elite Club. The authors are also
grateful to Mrs. Nikroo, as laboratory technician, Mr. Jamshidi
for their cooperation and assistance throughout the research and
Mr. Saymari and Zergani, as fisherman.
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