Basic HTML Version
International Journal of Aquaculture, 2014, Vol.4, No.16 96
-
101
http://ija.biopublisher.ca
100
The ranges of mean value of dissolved oxygen
concentrations were found to be from 4.92±0.94 to
6.19±1.17mg/L, which was similar to findings
reported by several researchers (Rahman, 2000;
Kohinoor, 2000; Kohinoor
et al
., 2004). Low
dissolved oxygen is usually the first water quality
constraint to growth in intensively managed ponds as
a result, maturation was affected indirectly. Most
tilapia species are tolerant to dissolved oxygen levels
as low as 0.5mg/L, which was not tolerable for most
other cultured fish (Popma and Lovshin, 2005). In the
case of the present study, the values for dissolved
oxygen concentration were within the optimum level
(4.92±0.94 to 6.19±1.17mg/L).
The pH in all the hapas was alkaline throughout the
experimental period and the values ranged from
7.39±0.06 to 7.50±0.03. Tilapia seems to grow best in
water that was near neutral or slightly alkaline (Popma
and Lovshin, 2005). The ranges and mean values of
pH in the present study were alkaline indicating the
productive nature of water.
3 Conclusion
The aim of the study was to determine the effect of
commercial feed on sexual maturity of tilapia species
(
O. niloticus
and
tanganicae
) reared in hapas. The
present study showed that
O. niloticus
matured at a
smaller size than
O. tanganicae
and the mean values
of growth weight and gonadosomatic index. However,
there was a difference in terms of gonadosomatic
index and gonad mean weight. Maturity stages were
macroscopically identified into three stages (immature,
maturing and mature) and at the end of the
experimental period, 73% of
O. niloticus
and 58% of
O. tanganicae
were in the reproductive process (mature).
Acknowledgement
The authors wish to extend their heartfelt thanks to staff and
management of NARDC and the Copperbelt University for
their invaluable moral, material and financial support to the
research team.
References
Al Hafedh Y. S. M, Siddiqui A. Q., and Al-faiady M. Y., 1999, ‘Effects of
Dietary Protein Levels on Gonad Maturation, Size and Age at First
Maturity, Fecundity and Growth of Nile Tilapia’, Aquacult. Int., 7:
319-332
Begum M., Pal H.K, Islam M.A. and Alam M.J., 2008, Formulation of
quality fish feeds from indigenous raw materials and their effects on
growth and maturity of
Mystusgulio
, J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 6(2):
355–360
Baroiller J.F. and Toguyeni A., 1996, Comparative effects of a natural
steroid, 11ß-hydroxy-androstenedione (11ß-OH-A4) and a synthetic
androgen, 17α-Methyl-testosterone (17α-MT) on sex-ratio in
Oreochromis niloticus. In: Pullin, R.S.V., Lazard, J., Legendre, M.,
AmonKothias, J.B., Pauly, D. (Eds), Third International Symposium on
Tilapia in Aquaculture. ICLARM Conference Proceeding 41, 11-16
November, 1991. Abijan, Cote d’Ivoire, pp. 344-351
Currie C.K., 1991, The Early History of the Carp and Its Economic
Significance in England.
The Agricultural History Review
Vol. 39, No.
2 (1991), pp. 97-107. Published by
Article Stable URL:http://www.jstor.org/stable/40274806
Dey M.M., Paraguas F.J., Bhatta R., Alam F., Weimin M., Piumsombun S.,
Koeshandrajana S., Dung L.T.C., and Sang N.V., 2005, Carp
Production in Asia: Past Trends and Present Status. In: Penman, D.J.,
M.V. Gupta and M.M. Dey (eds.) 2005. Carp Genetic Resources for
Aquaculture in Asia. WorldFish Center Technical Report 65, 152 p.
http://www.worldfishcenter.org/Pubs/CarpGen/CarpGenetics.pdf.
Duponchelle F., and Legendre M., 1996,
Oreochromis niloticus
(Cichlidae)
in Lake Ayame, Cote D’ivoire: Life History Traits of a strongly
diminished population.The life History Traits of strongly diminished
populations of Oreochromis niloticus in Lake Ayame - Cote Divore.
Available from http://www.mnhn.fr/sfi/cybium on 29/04/2014
El-Sayed A. M., 2002, ‘Effect of stocking density and feeding levels on
growth and feed efficiency of Nile tilapia (
Oreochromis niloticus
L.)
fry’. Aquaculture Research, 33:621-626
Hepher B., and Pruginin Y., 1982, Tilapia culture in ponds under controlled
conditions pp. 185-203 In: Pullin, R.S.V. and. Lowe-McConnell, R.H.
(eds), The Biology and Culture of Tilapias. ICLARM Conference
Proceedings 7, 432. International Center for Living Aquatic Resources
Management, Manila, the Philippines
Hossain M.A., Rahmatullah S. M., Islam M.S., Kabir A.K.M.A. and Dewan
S., 1997, Impact of chapila (
Gadusia chapra
Ham.) on growth of carps
in polyculture
.
Bangladesh J. Fish. Res
., 1(2): 19-23
Jobling M., 1998,
Feeding and Nutrition in Intensive Fish Farming.
pp
66-113. In: K.D. Black and A.D., Pickering (editors).
Biology of
Farmed Fish.
London: Sheffield Academic Press. CRC press. 415p
Kohinoor A.H.M., 2000, Development of culture technology of three small
indigenous fish-Mola (
Amblypharyngodon mola
), Punti (
Puntius
sophore
) and Chela (
Chela cachius
) with notes on some aspects of their
biology. Ph.D.Thesis. Department of Fisheries Management,
Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh
Kohinoor A.H.M., Islam M.L., Wahab M.A., and Thilsted S.H., 1998, Effect
of mola (
Amblypharyngodon mola
) on growth and production of carp
in polyculture
.
Bangladesh J. Fish
., 2(2): 119-126
Kohinoor
A.H.M., Momtaz Begum and Hussain M.G., 2004, Culture
potentials of gulsha (
Mystus cavasius
) in monoculture management
under different stocking densities.
Bangladesh J. Fish. Res
., 8(2):
95-100
Mair G.C., and Little D.C., 1991, Population control in farmed tilapia,
NAGA, ICLARM Quarterly, 17(4): 8-13
Manissery J. K., Krishnamurthy D., Gangadhara B., and Nandeesha M.C.,
2001, Effects of varied levels of dietary protein on the breeding
performance of common carp (
Cyprinus carpio)
. Asian Fisheries
Science 14: 317-322
Meyer D. E., 2002, Technology for successful small-scale tilapia culture
(CRSP Research Report 02-179). CRSP (Aquaculture Collaborative
Research Support Program). [Abstract from originalpaper published in:
D. Meyer (Ed). 6to Simposio oamericano de Acuacultura Proceedings:
Tilapia Sessions, 22-24 August 2001. Tegucigalpa, Honduras, pp.
97-106]
Mishra S., and Saksena D.N., 2012, Gonadosomatic index and fecundity of
an indian major Carp
Labeo calbasu
in Gohad Reservoir. The Bioscan
7(1): 43-46, 2012. An International Journal of Life Sciences.
www.thebioscan.in
Mishra A., and Singh U.P., 2002, Effect of feeding on spawning of common
carp. Indian J. Fish., 49(3)
Morales D.A., 1991, La Tilapia en México. Biología, Cultivo y Pesquerías.