Genomics and Applied Biology 2018, Vol.9, No.3, 14-19
14
Research Report Open Access
The Expression Pattern of
ArgAH1
and
ArgAH2
Genes in
Arabidopsis thaliana
Xianglian Shen
1
, Tetsuo Takano
2
, Shenkui Liu
3
, Yuanyuan Bu
1
1 Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration in Oil Field (SAVER), Ministry of Education, Alkali Soil Natural Environmental Science
Center (ASNESC), Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, P.R. China
2 Asian Natural Environmental Science Center (ASNESC), The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 188-0002, Japan
3 State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A& F University, Lin’an, Hangzhou 311300, China
Corresponding author email
Genomics and Applied Biology, 2018, Vol.9, No.3 doi
Received: 18 Apr., 2018
Accepted: 23 Apr., 2018
Published: 11 May, 2018
Copyright © 2018
Shen et al., This is an open access article published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits
unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Preferred citation for this article
:
Shen X.L., Takano T., Liu S.K., and Bu Y.Y., 2018, The expression pattern of
ArgAH1
and
ArgAH2
genes in
Arabidopsis thaliana
, Genomics and Applied
Biology, 9(3): 14-19 (doi
Abstract
Urea is the major nitrogen form supplied as fertilizer in agricultural production and also an important nitrogen metabolite
in plants. Urea can be generated from Arginine breakdown by Arginase in germinating seeds under salt stress. To better
understanding the biological functions of Arginase gene, here, we carried out the expression analysis of
ArgAH1
and
ArgAH2
genes
in response to salt stress and different nitrogen source during early seed germination and seedling growth stage. Our results show that
ArgAH1
and
ArgAH2
were highly expressed in root and siliques of Arabidopsis under normal conditions, respectively. However, the
expression levels of
ArgAH1
and
ArgAH2
was up-regulated by salt stress in both roots and cotyledons. In addition, the expression
levels of
ArgAH1
and
ArgAH2
were also found to response to different nitrogen sources (e.g. NH
4
Cl, urea, arginine), different
expression pattern are shown in both the roots and cotyledons under these treatment conditions. These results suggest that two
arginase genes have different biological function in response to abiotic stresses in plants.
Keywords
Arginase;
Arabidopsis thaliana
; Expression; Abiotic stress
Background
Nitrogen is one of the most important nutrient resource and limiting factors for plant growth, it is required for the
synthesis of many cellular components, including amino acids, proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, chlorophyll and
other metabolites compounds (Numes et al., 2010) Currently, about half of all nitrogen used for crop production is
applied as urea in agriculture, however, urea fertilizer has
adverse effects on seed germination, seedling growth,
and early plant growth (Sumner, 1926; Uheda and Maejima, 2009; Yu and Zhang, 2012).
Previous study has been
reported that urea can be originates from Arginine breakdown, which involved the degradation of storage proteins
during seed germination under salt stress condition (Herman and Larkins, 1999). Seed germination is the most
important stage for survival during the life of a plant in saline environments. Thus, better characterization of the
Arginase gene responses to salt stress during seed germination may therefore facilitate the development of crops
in saline stress conditions.
Arginase is a kind of dinuclear manganese protein and has two subtypes (
Ⅰ
and
Ⅱ
) (Mori, 2007), it is widely
distributed among animals, plants and microorganisms. Currently, it is found and cloned in soybean, tomato, rice,
loblolly pine, etc in plants, but not all species have two subtypes. A copy of the arginase gene was found in rice
(Ma, 2013), soybean and loblolly pine. In addition, this gene has a great relationship with seed germination and
seedling development in soybean (Goldraij and Polacco, 1999) and loblolly pine (Todd et al., 2001). In tomato,
LeARG1
or
LeARG2
genes are highest in reproductive tissue and high specificity for L-arginine. But, only the
LeARG2
gene was strongly expressed in leaves after injury and mediated by jasmonic acid (Chen et al., 2004). In
Arabidopsis
,
AtArgAH1
(At4g08900) and
AtArgAH2
(At4g08870) arginase genes have been cloned and identified,
and they can complement the car1 (
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
) mutation in yeast.
AtArgAH1 (
Krumpelman et al.,
1995) and
AtArgAH2
(Flores et al., 2008) were significantly different in amino acid sequences in the N-terminal, but
also homologous up to 85%, this may be due to the recent gene duplication. GFP-fusion proteins showed that two
genes are both mitochondrial proteins (Palmieri et al., 2006).
