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Genomics and Applied Biology 2014, Vol. 5, No. 4, 1-5
http://gab.biopublisher.ca
1
Research Report
Open Access
Effect of Sodium Chloride on Photosynthetic Pigments and Soluble Protein
Content of Green Gram Cultivars (Co6 And Co8)
K. Krishna Surendar , S.V. Varshini , N. Susithra , S. Kavitha , S. Ramesh Kumar , S. Krishnakumar , V.
Rajendran
Vanavarayar Institute of Agriculture, VIA, Pollachi-642 103, India
Corresponding author email:
surendartnau@gmail.com
,
Authors
Genomics and Applied Biology, 2014, Vol.5, No.4 doi: 10.5376/gab.2014.05.0004
Received: 18 Jun., 2014
Accepted: 07 Jul., 2014
Published: 15 Jul., 2014
© 2014 Surendar et al., This is an open access article published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use,
distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Preferred citation for this article:
Surendar et al., 2014, Effect of Sodium Chloride on Photosynthetic Pigments and Soluble Protein Content of Green Gram Cultivars (Co6 And Co8), Genomics
and Applied Biology, Vol.5, No.4, 1-5 (doi: 10.5376/gab.2014.05.0004)
Abstract
Investigations were undertaken to study the impact of salt stress (NaCl) in concentrations on seed germination and
seedling growth of Green gram (CO5, CO6). Seed germination percentage, seedling growth characters, physiological and
bio-chemical parameters were estimated at 10 days after sowing in Petridish. The stress was imposed during sowing time with
different concentrations viz., 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100 ppm. The increased total chlorophyll content was noticed in
control (distilled water) treated seeds whereas; very less reduction was observed in T
2
to T
5
treatments in the range of 10.5 percent
over the T
11
. The highest reduction percent of 23% were observed in T
10
, T
11
, and T
12
treated seeds. Soluble protein content was
significantly reduced due to NaCl treatments. However among the treatments, T
1
-T
5
showed very less reduction 11.5 percent than the
other treatments, whereas T
6
-T
11
recorded highest reduction of 21~24 percent over control.
Keywords
Salt stress; Seed germination; Photosynthetic pigments; Soluble protein; Green gram
1 Introduction
Green gram is the richest protein source of human diet
and livestock in poor areas. Apart from that, they are
used as green manures and green fodder to animals.
Mainly they are used for fixing atmospheric nitrogen
to improve the physical and chemical properties of
soil. Among the legumes, Green gram was considered
as the most important traditional crops of India.
Salinity – an abiotic stress is an ever increasing
problem that seriously affects crop production in
various parts of the world, especially in areas where
are irrigated with water containing salts. Salt stress is
one of major factors in constraining crop adjustment
substances, soluble sugar content, proline production.
About 23% of the world’s cultivated lands are saline
and 37% is sodic (Khan and Duke, 2001). Salinity
affects 7% of the world’s land area of about 930
million hectares. Salinity reduces the yield of pulses
by more than 50% (Bray, 2000). Soils can be saline
due to geo-historical processes or they can be
man-made. The water and salt balance, just like in
oceans and seas determine the formation of salty soils,
where more salt comes in than goes out. Here, the
incoming water from the land brings salts that remain
because there is no outlet and the evaporation water
does not contain salts. Soil salinity in agriculture soils
refers to the presence of high concentration of soluble
salts in the soil moisture of the root zone. Salt stress
induces the synthesis of abscisic acid which closes
stomata when transported to guard cells. As a result of
stomatal closure, photosynthesis declines and photo
inhibition and oxidative stress occur. Chlorophyll is
the principal agent responsible for photosynthesis and,
under adverse conditions, chlorophyll level is a good
indicator of photosynthetic activity (XinWen et al.,
2008). The deleterious effect of salinity is increased
osmotic pressure which restricts the absorption of
water into the seeds (Tester and Davenport, 2003). It
is also toxic to the embryo and seedlings. Enzyme
called α – amylase which is essential for seed
germination is inhibited due to salt stress. Starch to