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Computational Molecular Biology 2014, Vol. 4, No. 8, 1-3
http://cmb.biopublisher.ca
1
Research Article Open Access
In-silico molecular analysis of rabies virus across regions
Musa Azara S.I.
1
, Yakubu A
2
1. Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Lafia Nigeria
2. Department of Animal Science, Nasarawa State, University, Keffi,Shabu-Lafia Campus, Nigeria
Corresponding author email
Computational Molecular Biology, 2014, Vol.4, No.8 doi: 10.5376/cmb.2014.04.0008
Received: 03 Aug., 2014
Accepted: 23 Sep., 2014
Published: 23 Oct., 2014
© 2014
Azara and Yakubu, This is an open access article published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted
use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Preferred citation for this article:
Azara and Yakubu, 2014,
In-silico molecular analysis of rabies virus across regions
,
Computational Molecular Biology, Vol.4, No.8, 1-3
(doi:
Abstract
Rabies is a preventable viral disease of mammals most often transmitted through the bite of a rabid animal. Almost all
human deaths caused by rabies occur in Asia and Africa. There are approximately 55000 human deaths annually from rabies
worldwide. The disease affects domestic and wild animals and is spread to people through close contact with infected materials
usually saliva via bites and scratches. The objective of this study wasi to determine the phylogenic structure of rabies viruses across
species and geographical locations. A total of 22 Rabies virus sequences from 5 species (Dog, Cat, Cow, Wolf and Fox) across 8
locations (Nigeria, India, Ghana, Pakistan, Niger, Brazil, Argentina and Texas) were obtained from the GenBank. A Neighbor-joining
tree on the basis of genetic distances depicting phylogenetic relationship among Rabies viruses was constructed using the complete
deletion and p-distance option using the MEGA VERSION 5 SOFTWARE. The phylogenic analysis revealeds a strong subdivision
of rabies viruses by geographical location. The phylogenic groups also formed clusters associated with species from which the virus
is isolated.
Keywords
Rabies virus; Phylogeny; In-silico; Across regions
Introduction
The rabies virus of the Rhabdoviridae family is the
major Lyssavirus responsible for majority of human
and animal rabies cases. Rabies is a preventable viral
disease of mammals most often transmitted through
the bite of a rabid animal (CDC). The rabies virus
infect the central nervous system, ultimately causing
disease and death. All specie of mammals are
susceptible to rabies infection but only a few specie
are important as reservoirs for the disease. Almost all
human deaths caused by rabies occur in Asia and
Africa.There are approximately 55000 human deaths
annually from rabies worldwide. The disease affect
domestic and wild animals and is spread to people
through close contact with infected materials usually
saliva via bites and scratches (WHO).Rabies is a
neglected disease of poor and vulnerable populations
whose deaths are rarely reported. Under reporting of
rabies also prevents mobilization of resources from
the international community for the elimination of
human –dog mediated rabies. The rabies viral genome
is a nonsegmented single-stranded negative-sense
RNA of approximately 12 kb, which encodes a
nucleoprotein (N), a phosphoprotein (P), a matrix
protein (M), a glycoprotein (G), and a polymerase (L)
(Wunner et al., 1988). Understanding the transmission
dynamics and genetic diversity of rabies provides
useful information for establishing a rabies control
strategy (Denduangboripant et al., 2005). As a group,
the lyssaviruses are characterized by their ecological
association with specific mammalian species, which
act as vectors for their transmission, such that a
number of phylogenetic lineages co-circulate among a
range of mammalian hosts (Davis et al., 2005).
Lyssaviruses are zoonotic infections that invariably
spill over into non-reservoir hosts (humans, bovines,
small ruminants, cats etc). Onward transmission
within these dead-end hosts is not sustained, so the
successful transmission of RABV in new host species
is likely to represent a major adaptive challenge
(Kuiken et al., 2006).The objective of this study is to
determine the phylogenic structure of rabies viruses