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Legume Genomics and Genetics 2014, Vol. 5, No. 5, 1-5
http://lgg.biopublisher.ca
1
Research Report Open Access
Effect of Sodium Chloride on Soluble Protein, Nitrate Reductase Activity,
Proline and Catalase Enzyme Activity of Green Gram Cultivars (Co6 And Co8)
K. Krishna Surendar , S. Ramesh Kumar , S. Krishnakumar , V. Varshini , N. Susithra , S. Kavitha , V.
Rajendran
Vanavarayar Institute of Agriculture, VIA, Pollachi-642 103, India
Corresponding author email:
surendartnau@gmail.com
,
Authors
Legume Genomics and Genetics, 2014, Vol.5, No.5 doi: 10.5376/lgg.2014.05.0005
Received: 24 Jun., 2014
Accepted: 16 Jul., 2014
Published: 22 Jul., 2014
© 2014 Surendar et al, This is an open access article published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use,
distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Preferred citation for this article:
Surendar et al., 2014, Effect of Sodium Chloride on Soluble Protein, Nitrate Reductase Activity, Proline and Catalase Enzyme Activity of Green Gram Cultivars
(Co6 And Co8), Legume Genomics and Genetics, Vol.5, No.5, 1-5
(doi: 10.5376/lgg.2014.05.0005)
Abstract
The experiment aimed at assessing the effects of the progressive salinity stress, as well as investigating the physiological
behavior viz., soluble protein content, NRase enzyme activity, proline and catalase enzyme activity in green gram subjected to sodium
chloride during the seed germination under laboratory conditions in the Vanavarayar Institute of Agriculture (TNAU affiliated),
Pollachi, Tamil Nadu, INDIA. The parameters that were measured are the total soluble proteins, NRase enzyme activity, proline and
catalase enzyme activity. The experimental design carried out was CRD, with eleven treatments and two cultivars of CO6 and CO8.
There was decrease in the leaf relative water content and soluble protein content in plants under salinity, however NRase enzyme
activity were increased by 32 per cent respectively. Indicating that the carbon metabolism is quickly modified and utilized as reserve
source and membrane protector during the salinity stress. Besides this, there was an increase in proline and catalase enzyme activity
was noticed to the salinity stress.
Keywords
Salt stress; Seed germination; Soluble protein; NRase; Proline; Catalase; Green gram
1 Introduction
Green gram is the richest protein source of human diet
and livestock in poor areas. Apart from that, they are
used as green manures and green fodder to animals.
Mainly they are used for fixing atmospheric nitrogen
to improve the physical and chemical properties of
soil. Among the legumes, Green gram was considered
as the most important traditional crops of India.
Salinity-an abiotic stress is an ever increasing problem
that seriously affects crop production in various parts
of the world, especially in areas where are irrigated
with water containing salts. Salt stress is one of major
factors in constraining crop adjustment substances,
soluble sugar content, proline production.
About 23% of the world’s cultivated lands are saline
and 37% is sodic (Khan and Duke, 2001). Salinity
affects 7% of the world’s land area of about 930
million hectares. Salinity reduces the yield of pulses
by more than 50% (Bray, 2000). Soils can be saline
due to geo-historical processes or they can be
man-made. The water and salt balance, just like in
oceans and seas determine the formation of salty soils,
where more salt comes in than goes out. Here, the
incoming water from the land brings salts that remain
because there is no outlet and the evaporation water
does not contain salts. Soil salinity in agriculture soils
refers to the presence of high concentration of soluble
salts in the soil moisture of the root zone. Salt stress
induces the synthesis of abscisic acid which closes
stomata when transported to guard cells. As a result of
stomatal closure, photosynthesis declines and photo
inhibition and oxidative stress occur. Chlorophyll is
the principal agent responsible for photosynthesis and,
under adverse conditions, chlorophyll level is a good
indicator of photosynthetic activity (XinWen et al.,
2008). The deleterious effect of salinity is increased
osmotic pressure which restricts the absorption of
water into the seeds (Tester and Davenport, 2003). It
is also toxic to the embryo and seedlings. Enzyme
called α – amylase which is essential for seed
germination is inhibited due to salt stress. Starch to
sugar conversion occurs during germination is also
affected by salinity. It also delays the synthesis of