基本HTML版本
昆虫分子生物学研究
(
网络版
), 2013
年
,
第
2
卷
,
第
1-4
页
Kunchong Fenzi Shengwuxue Yanjiu (Online), 2013, Vol.2, 1-4
http://imbr.biopublisher.cn
4
4
小菜蛾的分子适应
小菜蛾通常认为起源于欧洲。
1854
年首次在
Illinois
发现，
1883
年蔓延到
Florida
和
Rocky
Mountains
，
1905
年在
British Columbia
有报道，如
今在全球有白菜种植的每个角落都发现了这种昆
虫
(Furlong et al., 2012)
。显然，
DMB
适应了各种环
境的挑战，这种对外界环境的适应与小菜蛾在幼虫
阶段偏好表达的基因，发现与气味感受、食物消化
和解毒代谢相关的基因所构成的复杂基因网络密
切相关。
早在
1950
年代就报道了小菜蛾具有抗
DDT
的
能力
(Ankersmit et al., 1953)
；
1990
年代报道了小菜
蛾抗
Bt
毒素的能力
(Heckel et al., 1999, Tabashnik et
al., 1999)
。迄今，小菜蛾几乎能对所有种类的农药
产生抗性，这要归功于小菜蛾在长期进化过程中形
成生物解毒代谢途径，使得小菜蛾拥有对很多化学
物具有解毒能力（
You et al., 2013
），从而使其成为
一个臭名昭著的鳞翅目害虫。
参考文献
Ankersmit G.W., 1953, DDT-resistance in
Plutella
maculipennis
(Curt.) (Lep.) in Java. Bull. Entomol. Res.,
44: 421-425
Baxter Simon W., Francisco R. Badenes-Pérez, Anna Morrison,
Heiko Vogel, Neil Crickmore, Wendy Kain, Ping Wang,
David G. Heckel, and Chris D. Jiggins, 2011A, Parallel
evolution of Bacillus thuringiensis toxin resistance in
Lepidoptera, Genetics 189: 675-679
Baxter S.W., Davey J.W., Johnston J.S., Shelton A.M., Heckel
D.G., Jiggins C.D., and Blaxter M.L., 2011B, Linkage
Mapping
and
Comparative
Genomics
Using
Next-Generation RAD Sequencing of a Non-Model
Organism, PLoS ONE 6(4): e19315
doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0019315
Furlong M.J., Wright D.J., and Dosdall L.M., 2012,
Diamondback moth ecology and management: problems,
progress, and prospects, Annu. Rev. Entomol. published
online; doi:10.1146/annurev-ento-120811-153605
Heckel D.G., Gahan L.J., Liu Y.B., and Tabashnik B.E., 1999,
Genetic mapping of resistance to
Bacillus thuringiensis
toxins in diamondback moth using biphasic linkage
analysis, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 96: 8373-8377
Tabashnik B.E.,, Huang F., Ghimire M.N., Leonard B.R.,
Siegfried B.D., Rangasamy M., Yang Y., Wu Y., Gahan
L.J., Heckel D.G., Bravo A., and Soberón M., 2011,
Efficacy of genetically modified
Bt
toxins against insects
with different genetic mechanisms of resistance, Nat.
Biotechnol., 29, 1128-1131
Talekar N.S., and Shelton A.M., 1993, Biology, ecology, and
management of the diamondback moth, Annu. Rev.
Entomol., 38: 275-301
Xie S., 2013, The Genome of Diamondback Moth Sequenced, a
Model Pest in Lepidoptera, Jiyinzuxue Yu Shengwu Jishu
(online) Vol.2 No.1 pp.1-2 (doi: 10.5376/gb.cn.2013.02.0001)
（
Xie S., 2013,
鳞翅目模式害虫小菜蛾基因组破译
,
基
因组学与生物技术
(online) Vol.2 No.1 pp.1-2 (doi:
10.5376/gb.cn.2013.02.0001)
）
You M.S., Yue Z., He W.Y., Yang X.H., Yang G., Xie M., Zhan
D.L., Baxter S.W., Vasseur L., Gurr G.M., Douglas C.J.,
Bai J.L., Wang P., Cui K., Huang S.G., Li X.C., Zhou Q.,
Wu Z.Y., Chen Q.L., Liu C.H., Wang B., Li X.J., Xu X.F.,
Lu C.X., Hu M., Davey J.W., Smith S.M., Chen M.S., Xia
X.F., Tang W.Q., Ke F.S., Zheng D.D., Hu Y.L., Song F.Q.,
You Y.C., Ma X.L., Peng L., Zheng Y.K., Liang Y., Chen
Y.Q., Yu L.Y., Zhang Y.N., Liu Y.Y., Li G.Q., Fang L., Li
J.X., Zhou X., Luo Y.D., Gou C.Y., Wang J.Y., Wang J.,
Yang H.M., and Wang J., 2013, A heterozygous moth
genome provides insights into herbivory and
detoxification, Nature Genetics, doi:10.1038/ng.2524