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Wang et al., 2011, Genetic Diversity of the Selected 64 PotatoGermplasms Revealed byAFLPMarker, Molecular Plant Breeding Vol.2 No.4 (doi: 10.5376/mpb.2011.02.0004)
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Diversity Index of materials varied from 0.1510 to
0.3256 with a mean of 0.2359, which dismayed all
examined potato germplasms have genetic difference
and rich genetic diversity.
1.2 Genetic Distance (GS)
The genetic distance (GS) of 64 potato germplasms in
the range from 0.041 237 1 to 0.391 732 6, of which
the smallest genetic distance is 0.041 237 1 between
E87 and E95, the largest genetic distance is 0.391 732
6 between E104 and E22, E104 is the CIP collected
from Peru, while E22 is from Germany. Followed by
the E104 and E30, the genetic distance is 0.383 505 2.
As the E series potato resource is collected from
different countries (regions) by CIP so that these
resources have rich polymorphism. At the GS of 0.20,
the known varieties bred in China gathered in the
same category, while the other CIP germplasms were
grouped together, showed that there is great expansion
space of the genetic background of Chinese potato
varieties to some extent.
1.3 Cluster Analysis
UPGMA cluster analysis was performed with the
SAHN procedure of NTSYS-pcVersion2.1 (Figure 1).
Cluster results showed that the genetic similarity
coefficient (GS) of examined potato materials varied
from 0.68 to 0.96. The dendrogram of genetic
relationship of 64 potato germplasms was obtained by
UPGMA cluster analysis (Figure 1). At GS of 0.76, all
materials can be divided into six major categories, a
category group VI and five small groups of I, II, III,
IV, V. Category I consists of two anti-virus varieties
E104 and E107 introduced from CIP; Category II has
a CIP varieties anti-virus E35 which was introduced
Figure 1 Phenogram of UPGMA cluster analysis based on
among 64 potato germplasms
from Peru; Category III consists of Longshu5 and B4,
Longshu5 was a new hybrid cultivar derived from
cultivar Xiaobaihua as the female parent, and
innovation 119-8 as male parent selection by Gansu
Academy of Agricultural Sciences grain in 1988.
Category IV included anti-virus variety E32; Category
V consists of two cultivars E31 and E22; Category VI
contains 56 species, accounting for 87.5% of tested
potato materials. At the GS of 0.75, category VI
divided into four sub-categories, including a large
class d and three small sub-categories a, b and c. d is a
major sub-category which contains 52 cultivars, at the
GS of 0.78, d was further divided into four groups,
group d1 consists of four cultivars with resistance to
virus E73, E43, E62 and E37; group d2 included five
antivirus varieties E49, E41, E90, E83, E33 and a
domestic variety B5; group d3 included a variety E80;
group d4 was a large group of including 41 cultivars,
of which 14 were Chinese cultivars, accounting for
34.1% of this group, 27 were CIP varieties.
The cluster results showed that most of Chinese
cultivars gathered together, such as Qingshu168,
Gaoyuan4, Gaoyuan5, B1, B2, Xiaobaihua, Leshu1,
Qingshu328, Qingshu2 and Qingyin5 were grouped in
the 5th of the d subgroup group d4; cultivars with
same resistance were grouped together, such as
cultivars with resistance to virus E19, E41, E49, E38,
E52, E60, E80, E87, E94 and E95 gathered in group
d4 of sub-category d.
Genetic diversity analysis, genetic distance and cluster
analysis genetic all showed that Chinese potato
varieties have closer genetic differences and have
quite narrow genetic base, CIP potato resources and
Chinese potato cultivars have greater genetic diversity.
In potato breeding of China, CIP potato resources can
be taken advantage to broaden the genetic background
of potato cultivars.
2 Discussions
2.1 The Effectiveness of AFLP Markers
In this study, 12 pairs of primer combinations with
rich markers, high polymorphism were selected for
analyzing the genetic diversities among the tested 64
potato cultivars. The selected primer combinations
could completely separated all materials (Figure 2),