Molecular Plant Breeding 2016, Vol.7, No.20, 1
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pods/plant, and seed yield per plot was also reported (Khan et al., 2006).
All breeding lines were grouped regardless of their pedigree. This indicates that diversity were present within
breeding lines of the same pedigree while similarity was found among the lines with the different pedigree. This
might be revealed as a result of the differences in selection pressure exerted on different characters. Genetic
diversity among lines indicates differences in gene frequencies which may result in heterotic group. Khodadadi et
al. (2011) studied 36 winter wheat genotypes, and categorized them into seven groups.
Principal component analysis revealed the pattern of genetic variation existed. According to this study, the
majority of variation was explained by the first three principal components. The principal component analysis in
Khodadadi et al. (2011) indicated that the first five components explained over 97% of the variation in 36 wheat
genotypes.
Table 5 Component of variance, coefficient of variation, heritability in broad sense and genetic advance for morphological characters studied
Characters
Phenotypic
variance
Genotypic
variance
Environmental
variance
Phenotypic
coefficient
of
variation
Genotypic
coefficient of
variation
Heritability
in
broad sense (%)
Genetic
advance
Genetic advance as
percent of mean
1
53.82
21.86
31.96
0.123
0.078
40.62
6.147
0.103
2
3.124
2.503
0.621
0.012
0.011
80.12
2.921
0.02
3
489.46
382.11
107.35
0.112
0.099
78.07
35.631 0.181
4
2.523
2.331
0.192
0.184
0.177
92.39
3.027
0.35
5
31.57
26.67
4.9
0.68
0.625
84.48
9.792
1.185
6
1655.69
1276.88
378.81
0.286
0.251
77.12
64.738 0.455
7
101601.3 84940.63
16660.68
0.425
0.389
83.6
549.75 0.733
8
0.89
0.84
0.05
0.232
0.225
94.38
1.837
0.451
Principal component analysis revealed the pattern of genetic variation existed. According to this study, the
majority of variation was explained by the first three principal components. The principal component analysis in
Khodadadi et al. (2011) indicated that the first five components explained over 97% of the variation in 36 wheat
genotypes.
Values of phenotypic variance were greater than genotypic variance for all characters under study which is similar
to the result in Kumar et al. (2013). Synrem et al. (2014) reported maximum genotypic and phenotypic
coefficients of variation for number of secondary branches/plant, seed yield/plant, and number of primary
branches/plant. High value of heritability for plant height, number of primary branches/plant, number of
secondary branches/plant, number of pods/plant, and seed yield/plot was also recorded in Brassica napus (Khan et
al., 2006 ). In Brassica juncea, high heritability estimates in broad sense were recorded for 1 000 seed weight,
days to maturity, days to flowering, plant height, and main shoot length (Bind et al., 2014). Iqbal et al. (2014)
reported high heritability value for plant height, number of primary branches/plant, number of secondary
branches/plant, number of siliqua/plant, 1 000 seed weight, and days to maturity. The present study showed that
yield/plot, number of pods/plant, and plant height exhibited high value of genetic advance. This indicates that
these characters involved additive gene action in their expressions, and can be improved through early generation
selection. High value of heritability coupled with high genetic advance as percent of mean was observed for
number of secondary branches/plant, seed yield/plant, and number of primary branches/plant in Brassica juncea
(Synrem et al., 2014).
3 Conclusion
This study has revealed the existence of considerable genetic variation among the breeding lines for the characters
under study, which can be used for further selection and hybridization. High heritability estimates in broad se nse
along with high genetic advance as percent of mean was observed for number of secondary branches/plant,
yield/plot, and 1 000 seed weight. As additive gene action is pronounced in the expression of these characters,
early generation selection would be effective in breeding program.
