International Journal of Marine Science 2015, Vol.5, No.29, 1-7
1
Research Report
Open Access
Adsorption of copper(II) and lead(II) ions from aqueous solutions by porcellanite
A.Y. Hmood
1
, T.E. Jassim
2
1. Marine Science Centre, College of Education for Pure Science, University of Basrah, Basrah-Iraq
2. College of Education for Pure Science, University of Basrah, Basrah-Iraq
Corresponding author email
International Journal of Marine Science, 2015, Vol.5, No.29
doi: 10.5376/ijms.2015.05.0029
Received: 22 Apr., 2015
Accepted: 03 May., 2015
Published: 06 May., 2015
Copyright
©
2015
Hmood and Jassim, This is an open access article published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits
unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Preferred citation for this article:
Hmood and Jassim, 2015, Adsorption of copper(II) and lead(II) ions from aqueous solutions by porcellanite, International Journal of Marine Science, Vol.5,
No.29 1
-
7 (doi
Abstract
This work is concerned with one of the applications of adsorption behavior from aqueous solution. It deals with the
adsorption of copper (II) and lead (II) ions on the surface of porcellanite, which is locally available in Iraq. The purpose of this
study is to search for surfaces that are highly applicable for copper (II) and lead (II) ions adsorption to treat the pollution of aqueous
solution in nature. The different variables affecting the adsorption capacity of the porcellanite such as contact time, initial metal
ion concentration in the feed solution, pH of the medium and temperature, were investigated on a batch process mode. The
optimum contact time to attain equilibrium is 90 min for copper (II) ion, 30 min for lead (II) ion, and the pH values in the range of
2-10. The results showed the optimum pH for Cu(II) is 8 and for Pb(II) is 4. The experimental data of adsorption were fitted to two
different isotherms, namely; Langmuir and Freundlich. These isotherms equations were applied at different temperatures. The results
obtained showed that, the Langmuir isotherm equation is better fitted to the experimental data than the Freundlich isotherm equation.
The thermodynamic parameters indicated that ΔH was endothermic, ΔG was a spontaneous process and ΔS was positive value.
Keywords
Porcellanite; Batch adsorption; Copper and lead; Langmuir and Frendlich; Thermodynamics
Introduction
Pollution is the addition of undesirable foreign
matter to the environment as a result of enormous
industrial development and modernization (Zietz et
al., 2003). Heavy metal ions existing in aqueous
waste streams of various industries such as metal
plating, mining operations, battery manufacturing
and tannery Fabrication are posing serious risk to the
environment. Leaking of the toxic heavy metals to
the soil contaminates ground and surface water
leading to serious impacts on the health of human
and animals. Treatment of high volumes of waste
water containing low concentrations of heavy metals
pollutants is becoming increasingly important as the
discharge regulations become more stringent (Zhu
et
al., 2008). The harmful heavy metals ions associated
with such industrial activities include Ni(II), Cr(II),
Cu(II), Cd(II), Pb(II), Fe(III), Mn(II), Zn(II) and Hg(II)
(Amdur
et al., 1991).
Copper contamination of the environment is
primarily due to man made (anthropogenic)
activities, making it the most everywhere toxic metal
in the environment. Copper is one of the most
common toxic metals that find its way to water
sources from various industries, includes
electroplating, mining, electrical and electronics ion
and steal production, printing and photographic
industries. Copper concentration in humans have
increased to toxic levels causing various diseases
and disorders such as liver damage )Zhu
et al., 2008).
Lead pollution includes the use of tetra methyl and
tetra ethyl lead as gasoline additives, the main
facture of storage batteries, the formation of alloys
with antimony and tin to be use in power and
telephone cables, the manufacture of soldering
materials and lead paints (Newland and Dawn,
1982). In addition lead is also generated in the
effluents from the production of television picture
tubes, pigments, petroleum, fuels, photographic
materials, explosives, printing, glass industrial
operations and inorganic chemical manufacturing
industries are also main sources of lead pollution.
The toxicity and deleterious of lead are well
documented, as it has been recognized for centuries
as accumulative poison (WHO, 1977; ltorrison and
